Chromosomal Mutations Flashcards

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1
Q

What are Chromosomal Mutations and what are they also called?

A
  • Block Mutations
  • Mutations that affect large sections of a chromosome
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2
Q

How do Block Mutations often occur and how serious are they and why?

A
  • Usually occur during meiosis
  • Very Serious - lots of DNA affected and so lots of mutations
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3
Q

What are 5 forms of Chromosomal Mutations?

A
  1. Duplication
  2. Deletion
  3. Inversion
  4. Insertion
  5. Translocation
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4
Q

What is Chromosomal Gene Deletion?

A
  • Large section of chromosome is lost
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5
Q

What is Chromosomal Gene Insertion

A

Large section of chromosome is additionally added in

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6
Q

What is a Chromosomal Gene Duplication

A

Large Section of chromosome is repeated

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7
Q

Compared to other block mutation, what is a potential rare side-effect of Gene Duplication?

A

Can be beneficial because we are simply increasing quantity of proteins

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8
Q

What is Chromosomal Gene Inversion?

A
  • Large section of chromosome swaps position, but no DNA lost
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9
Q

Compared to other block mutation, what is a potential rare side-effect of Gene Inversion?

A

Potentially beneficial, as same amino acids are coded for but in different order and no genetic material lost

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10
Q

What is Chromosomal Translocation?

A
  • Non-homologous chromosomes have sections of chromosomes moved onto them
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11
Q

List the 5 Block Mutations from Most harmful to least harmful

A
  1. Deletion - Because DNA is lost
  2. Translocation
  3. Insertion
  4. Inversion
  5. Duplication
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