Chromosomal Mutations Flashcards
What are Chromosomal Mutations and what are they also called?
- Block Mutations
- Mutations that affect large sections of a chromosome
How do Block Mutations often occur and how serious are they and why?
- Usually occur during meiosis
- Very Serious - lots of DNA affected and so lots of mutations
What are 5 forms of Chromosomal Mutations?
- Duplication
- Deletion
- Inversion
- Insertion
- Translocation
What is Chromosomal Gene Deletion?
- Large section of chromosome is lost
What is Chromosomal Gene Insertion
Large section of chromosome is additionally added in
What is a Chromosomal Gene Duplication
Large Section of chromosome is repeated
Compared to other block mutation, what is a potential rare side-effect of Gene Duplication?
Can be beneficial because we are simply increasing quantity of proteins
What is Chromosomal Gene Inversion?
- Large section of chromosome swaps position, but no DNA lost
Compared to other block mutation, what is a potential rare side-effect of Gene Inversion?
Potentially beneficial, as same amino acids are coded for but in different order and no genetic material lost
What is Chromosomal Translocation?
- Non-homologous chromosomes have sections of chromosomes moved onto them
List the 5 Block Mutations from Most harmful to least harmful
- Deletion - Because DNA is lost
- Translocation
- Insertion
- Inversion
- Duplication