Amino Acids Flashcards
What are amino acids?
Building blocks of proteins
How many amino acids are there?
20
What structure do all amino acids share?
Amine group bonded to central carbon atom which has a hydrogen on the bottom and a functional group on the top, and to it’s right is a carboxyl group.
What is the R/Functional Group in amino acids
It is the only different part in all amino acids, consisting of various atomic struture
What is the importance of the r/Functional Group?
It gives the amino acid it’s specific properties
What type of properties can amino acuds have?
Hydrophobic, hydrophilic, acidic and basic
What is the simplest R/Functional Group?
H (hydrogen)
What is the process of joining amino acids together called?
Condensation Polymerisation Reaction
What is the bond between amino acids called?
Peptide bonds
Formed between amino and carboxyl group
What is produced during Condensation Polymerisation Reaction?
Water (H2O)
From where does the water come from when amino acids bond
An oxygen and Hydrogen from the carboxyl group and a Hydrogen from the amine group. The peptide bond is formed between the carbon and nitrogen.
2 Amino acids bonded together is known as?
Dipeptide
What is it called when an amino acid is coded by more than one codon?
Degenerate Code or Redundant Code
What is the benefit of having Degenerate code?
Help reduce the risk of mutations have an impact on final protein synthesised
What does it mean when it says genetic code is universal?
The same sequence of nucleotides codes for the same amino acuds in all organisms
