Prokaryotes Vs Eukaryotes Flashcards
Cell Size
P
E
P: 0.2-2.0 um
E: 10-100 um in diameter
Nucleus
P
E
P: No nuclear membrane or nucleoli except Gemmata
E: True nucleus, consisting of nuclear membrane and nucleoli
Membrane-Enclosed Organelles
P: Relatively fee
E: Present: examples include nuclei, lysosome, Golgi complex, endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, and chloroplasts
Flagella
P: Consist of two protein building blocks
E: Complex consist of multiple microtubules
Glycoalyx
P: Present as a capsule or slime layer
E: Present in some cells that lack a cell wall
Cell wall
P: Usually present chemically complex (typical bacterial cell wall includes peptidoglycan)
E: When present chemically simple (includes cellulose and chitin)
Plasma membrane
P: Carbohydrates and generally lacks sterols
E: Sterols and carbohydrates
Cytoplasm
P: Cytoskeleton (MreB and ParM, cresetin, and FisZ proteins) no cytoplasmic streaming
E: Cytoskeleton (microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules): cytoplasmic streaming
Ribosomes
P: Smaller size (70S)
E: Larger Size (80S), smaller size (70S) in organelles
Chromosome (DNA)
P: Usually single circular chromosome;
typically lacks histones
E: Multiple linear chromosomes with histones
Cell Division
P: binary fission
E: involves mitosis
Sexual recombination
P: None; transfer of DNA only
E: Involes meiosis