BACTERIAL CELL: STRUCTURES & FUNCTIONS Flashcards
Bacteria
(formerly_______)
eubacteria
Characteristics of bacteria
Procaryotic (no nuclear membrane) Unicellular
Free living
Composed of RNA and DNA
Multiply by binary fission
Archaea (formerly_____)
Kingdom_____
Procaryotes
Archaebacteria
Monera
BACTERIAL MORPHOLOGY
SIZE:
0.2 – 2.0 µm by 1-10 µm
Size
Staphylococcus aureus -
Escherichia coli –
Thiomargarita namibiensis
0.5-1.5 µm in diameter
2 µm in length
100-750 µm
Bacteria
Shapes
SHAPE: spherical, rod-shaped, spiral
Bacteria arrangement
Cocci
Bacilli
Spiral
– sphere-shaped bacterium
Coccus
COCCI
diplococci
staphylococci
streptococci
tetrad
octad (sarcina)
– rod-shaped bacterium
Bacillus
BACILLI
in singles
diplobacilli
streptobacilli
coccobacilli
palisade (fence-like)
– rigid, helical cell wall, single flagella at each end
Spirillum
– corkscrew, axial filaments/internal flagella
Spirochete
Procaryotic cells have three architectural regions
________(proteins attached to the cell surface) in the form of flagella and pili;
________ consisting of a capsule, cell wall and plasma membrane;
________that contains the cell genome (DNA) and ribosomes and various sorts of inclusions.
appendages
cell envelope
cytoplasmic region
Filamentous protein attached to the cell surfaces that provide swimming movement
Flagella
Parts of a flagella
Filament
Hook
Basal body
Rotates to move (360)
Flagellum
H antigen
Hauch
Flagellin
Flagellar Arrangement
(a) Monotrichous
(b) Amphitrichous
(c) Lophotrichous
(d) Peritrichous