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Bacte LEC > BACTERIAL CELL: STRUCTURES & FUNCTIONS > Flashcards

BACTERIAL CELL: STRUCTURES & FUNCTIONS Flashcards

1
Q

Bacteria

(formerly_______)

A

eubacteria

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2
Q

Characteristics of bacteria

A

Procaryotic (no nuclear membrane) Unicellular
Free living
Composed of RNA and DNA
Multiply by binary fission

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3
Q

Archaea (formerly_____)

Kingdom_____

A

Procaryotes

Archaebacteria

Monera

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4
Q

BACTERIAL MORPHOLOGY

SIZE:

A

0.2 – 2.0 µm by 1-10 µm

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5
Q

Size

Staphylococcus aureus -
Escherichia coli –
Thiomargarita namibiensis

A

0.5-1.5 µm in diameter

2 µm in length

100-750 µm

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6
Q

Bacteria

Shapes

A

SHAPE: spherical, rod-shaped, spiral

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7
Q

Bacteria arrangement

A

Cocci
Bacilli
Spiral

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8
Q

– sphere-shaped bacterium

A

Coccus

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9
Q

COCCI

A

diplococci
staphylococci
streptococci
tetrad
octad (sarcina)

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10
Q

– rod-shaped bacterium

A

Bacillus

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11
Q

BACILLI

A

in singles
diplobacilli
streptobacilli
coccobacilli
palisade (fence-like)

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12
Q

– rigid, helical cell wall, single flagella at each end

A

Spirillum

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13
Q

– corkscrew, axial filaments/internal flagella

A

Spirochete

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14
Q

Procaryotic cells have three architectural regions
________(proteins attached to the cell surface) in the form of flagella and pili;

________ consisting of a capsule, cell wall and plasma membrane;

________that contains the cell genome (DNA) and ribosomes and various sorts of inclusions.

A

appendages

cell envelope

cytoplasmic region

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15
Q

Filamentous protein attached to the cell surfaces that provide swimming movement

A

Flagella

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16
Q

Parts of a flagella

A

Filament
Hook
Basal body

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17
Q

Rotates to move (360)

A

Flagellum

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18
Q

H antigen

Hauch

A

Flagellin

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19
Q

Flagellar Arrangement

A

(a) Monotrichous
(b) Amphitrichous
(c) Lophotrichous
(d) Peritrichous

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20
Q

______have flagella which project in all directions.

______rotation of flagellar motors results in random re-orientation for the bacterium, but ______rotation produces approximate straight-line motion.

A

E. coli

Clockwise (CV)

counter-clockwise (CC)

21
Q

Internal Flagella

Filaments

A

Axial Filaments
Periplasmic filaments

22
Q

enclosed between cell wall & cell membrane of spirochetes

Motility (corkscrew fashion)

A

Internal flagella

23
Q

•_____ affect critical biological functions including nutrient acquisition, motility, dispersion, stress resistance, and interactions with other organisms.

A

Shapes

24
Q

Filamentous
Some of them form branching filaments resulting in a network of filaments called_____

A

mycelium

25
Q

Sometimes slightly flatten when they are adjacent to one another

A

Cocci

26
Q

Many spirilla are rigid and capable of movement especially group of
______are long, slender, and flexible

A

Spirochetes

27
Q

DIPLOCOCCI

Examples

A

• Streptococcus pneumoniae
• Moraxella catarrhalis
• Neisseria gonorrhae

28
Q

TETRADS

A

• Aerococcus
• Pediococcus
• Tetragenococcus

29
Q

STREPTOCOCCI
Cocci in chains

A

• Streptococcus pyogenes
• Streptococcus agalactiae

30
Q

STAPHYLOCOCCI
Cocci in clusters

A

• Staphylococcus aureus

31
Q

SARCINA
Cocci in cubes consisting of eight cells

A

• Sarcina ventriculi
• Sarcina ureae

32
Q

Cocci in chains

A

STREPTOCOCCI

33
Q

Cocci in clusters

A

STAPHYLOCOCCI

34
Q

Cocci in cubes consisting of eight cells

A

SARCINA

35
Q

BACILLI
Most bacilli appear as…

A

single rods

36
Q

DIPLOBACILLI

A

• Coxiella burneti
• Moraxella bovis
• Klebsciella rhinoscleromatis

37
Q

Appear in pairs after division

A

DIPLOBACILLI

38
Q

SINGLE ROD

A

• Bacillus cereus

39
Q

Arranged in chains as the cells divide in one plane

A

STREPTOBACILLI

40
Q

STREPTOBACILLI

A

• Streptobacillus moniliformis

41
Q

Short and stumpy that they appear ovoid
They look like coccus and bacillus

A

COCCOBACILLI

42
Q

COCCOBACILLI

A

• Haemophilus influenzae
• Gardnerella vaginalis
• Chlamydia trachomatis

43
Q

Curved bacteria that can range from a gently-curved shape to a corkscrew-like spiral

A

SPIRILLA

44
Q

Comma shaped bacteria with less than one complete turn or twist in the cell

A

VIBRIO

45
Q

VIBRIO

A

• Vibrio cholerae

46
Q

Rigid spiral structures, spirillum with many turns can superficially resemble spirochetes

They do not have outer sheath and endoflagella but have typical bacterial flagella

A

SPIRILLUM

47
Q

SPIRILLUM

A

• Campylobacter jejuni
• Helicobacter pylori
• Spirillum winogradskyi

48
Q

Have a helical shape and flexible bodies, move by means of axial filaments which look like flagella contained beneath a flexible external sheath, but lack typical bacterial flagella

A

SPIROCHETES

49
Q

SPIROCHETES

A

• Leptospiral spp.
• Treponema pallidum
• Borrelia recurrentis

Bacte LEC (29 decks)

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