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Gross > Posterior compartment of the leg > Flashcards

Posterior compartment of the leg Flashcards

1
Q

What are the muscles in the posterior compartment of the leg? (superficial)

A
  • Gastrocnemeus
  • Soleus
  • Plantaris
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2
Q

What is the main action of the posterior compartment muscles

A

-Plantarflex the ankle

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3
Q

What are the attachments for the gastrocnemius

A
  • Lateral condyle OR popliteal condyle

- Posterior calcaneus via the calcaneal tendon

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4
Q

What joint does the gastrocnemius cross and what is its action

A

Crosses the knee

  • Flexes leg at knee joint
  • Plantarflexes ankle when knee is extended
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5
Q

This muscle plantarflexes the ankle at ANY position

A

Soleus

-it does this because it doesn’t cross the knee joint

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6
Q

What are the attachments of the soleus

A
  • Soleal line of the tibia and head of fibula

- Posterior calcaneus via the calcaneal tendon

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7
Q

What is the role of the plantaris muscle

A

-Proprioception

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8
Q

What are the attachments for the plantaris muscle

A
  • Lateral supracondylar line of the femur (Above the lateral condyle of the femur)
  • Posterior calcaneus via the calcaneal tendon
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9
Q

Describe the muscle fiber type of the gastrocnemius

A
  • White
  • Fast twitch (type 2)
  • Powerful spurt contractions
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10
Q

Describe the muscle fiber type of the soleus

A
  • Red
  • Slow Twitch (Type 1)
  • Fatigue resistant
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11
Q

What nerve root is the calcaneus tendon

A

S1 nerve root

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12
Q

This divides the deep and superficial posterior compartments

A

Transverse intermuscular septum

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13
Q

What is the transverse intermuscular membrane continuous with?

A

Flexor retinaculum

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14
Q

Is the flexor retinaculum medial or lateral

A

Medial

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15
Q

What is the common nerve supply for the superficial posterior compartment

A

Tibial nerve

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16
Q

What is the common arterial supply for the superficial posterior compartment

A
  • Fibular artery

- Posterior tibial artery

17
Q

What are the muscles in the deep posterior compartment

A
  • Tibialis posterior
  • Flexor hallicus longus
  • Flexor digitorum longus
  • Popliteus
18
Q

What is unique about the flexor hallicus longus

A

-FHC starts LATERALLY and crosses MEDIALLY to insert of the base of the distal phalynx of the big toe

19
Q

What are the attachments of the flexor hallicus longus

A
  • Inferior and posterior surface of the fibula

- Distal phalynx of the great toe

20
Q

The tendons of the FHL and FDL cross on the foot, where does the flexor digitorum longus attach

A
  • Medial part of the posterior surface of the tibia

- Bases of distal phalynx of lateral 4 digits

21
Q

What 2 muscle tendons cross and create the “Stur up” which is important for the arch of the foot

A
  • Tibialis posterior tendon

- Fibularis longus tendon

22
Q

This muscle lies on the floor of the popliteal fossa

A

Popliteus muscle

23
Q

What are the attachments of the popliteal muscle

A
  • Lateral condyle of the femur

- Posterior surface of the tibia

24
Q

What is the main action of the popliteus muscle

A

Pull the lateral meniscus and femur posteriorly when the knee is partically flexes
-Aids the PLC in preventing the femur from slipping off of the tibial plateau

25
Q

What are the attachments of the flexor digitorum longus

A
  • Medial part of the posterior surface of the tibia

- Bases of distal phalanx of lateral 4 digits

26
Q

This muscle of the foot realigns the pull of the FDL tendons

A

Quadratus plantae m

27
Q

Where does the tibialis posterior lie

A
  • On top of the interosseous membrane between the tibia and the fibula
  • Navicular, cuneiforms, and bases of metatarsals 2-4
28
Q

What are the actions of the tibials posterior

A
  • Plantarflexes
  • Inverts
  • Fixes the medial longitudinal arch during weight bearing
29
Q

What are the tendons that pass posterior to the medial malleolus in order from anterior to posterior

A

Tom, Dick, Harry

  • Tibialis Posterior
  • Flexor Digitorum longus
  • Flexor hallicus longus
30
Q

This membrane runs between the tibia and the fibula and it seperates the anterior from the posterior compartment

A

Interosseous membrane

31
Q

This sperates the anterior from the lateral compartment

A

Anterior intermuscular septum

32
Q

This seperates the lateral and the deep posterior compartment

A

Posterior intermuscular septum

33
Q

This divides the superficial from the deep compartment

A

Transverse intermuscular septum

Gross (45 decks)

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