Abdominopelvic Cavity Flashcards
What are the boundaries of the PELVIC INLET
- Linea terminalis
- Superior margin of the pubic Symphysis
- Posterior border of the pubic crest
- Pectin Pubis
- Arcuate line of the ilium
- Sacral ala
- Sacral promontory
What are the boundaries of the PELVIC OUTLET
- Inferior margin of the pubic symphysis
- Inferior rami of pubis
- Ischeal tuberosities
- Sacrotuberous ligament
- Tip of coccyx
What covers the pelvic outlet?
Pelvic diaphragm
The false pelvis is also called the…
Greater pelvis
The true pelvis is also known as the…
Lesser pelvis
This is the dividing line between the false pelvis and the true pelvis
Linea terminalis
This lies below the true pelvis, and is composed of the pelvic diaphragm and the pelvic floor muscles
Perineum
What 2 muscles does the pelvic diaphragm consist of…
- Levator ani
- Coccygeus
What is the pelvic canal
Passage way between the pelvic inlet, lesser pelvis, and pelvic outlet
This is a serous membrane that is derived from the mesoderm which lines the abdominopelvic cavity and invests the viscera
Peritoneum
This lines the interal surface of the abdominopelvic wall
Parietal peritoneum
What innervates the parietal peritoneum?
Somatic nerves
This invests certain organs
Visceral peritoneum
Since the blood supply of the visceral peritoneum is similar to the viscera, the innervation is…
Autonomic
Is the peritoneal cavity completely closed?
In males yes, in females it is NOT completely closed
Describe the opening in the peritoneal cavity in females?
-The opening is through the uterine tube–> uterus –> to the vagina (can turn into peritonitis)
These organs are almost completely covered with visceral peritoneum
-Invaginated into the closed sac
Intraperitoneal organs
These organs are only partically covered in peritoneum
extraperitoneal organs
What are the retroperitoneal organs (5)
- Kidney & ureter
- Adrenal gland
- Aorta
- IVC
- Pancreas
These organs are secondarily retroperitoneal (4)
- Duodenum
- Ascending colon
- Descending colon
- Rectum
What are the sub-peritoneal organs (4)
- Bladder
- Ovaries
- Uterus
- Uterine Tubes
This is a continuation between the visceral and parietal peritoneum
-Double layered
Mesenteries
What is carried in the mesentery?
- Means for neurovascular communication between organs and the body wall
- Contains fat, lymph, and vessels
What are the ligaments of the liver?
- Falciform ligament
- Coronary
- Triangular ligaments (right and left)
What are the 3 components of the greater omentum
- Gastrocolic
- Gastrosplenic
- Gastrophrenic
What are the 2 components of the lesser omentum
- Hepatoduodenal
- Hepatogastric
This hangs from the greater curvature of the stomach and proximal duodenum and reflects back to attach to the transverse colon and the mesentery
Greater omentum
This connects to the lesser curvature of the stomach and proximal duodenum to the liver
Lesser omentum
What is included in the postal triad?
- Hepatic artery
- bile duct
- hepatic portal vein
What does the portal triad travel in?
Within the hepatoduodenal ligament at the free edge of the omentum
This is the main larger part of the peritoneal cavity
Greater sac
What are the 2 components of the greater sac?
- Supracolic
- Infracolic
This is superior to the transverse mesocolon
-Contains the stomach, liver, and spleen
Supracolic compartment of the greater sac
This is inferior to the transverse mesocolon and it contains the SI, ascending and descending colon
Infracolic compartment of the greater sac
These spaces are separated by the mesentery of the SI
Right and left infracolic spaces
These 2 spaces are connected by the right and left paracolic gutters
Supracolic and infracolic spaces
What are the recesses of the greater sac?
- Subphrenic
- Subhepatic
- Hepatorenal (morrisions pouch)
This lies between the ascending and descending colon and the posterolateral abdominal wall
Paracolic gutters
What is another name for the lesser sac?
Omental bursa
Where does the lesser sac lie?
Posterior to the stomach, lesser omentum, and adjacent structures
This is the communication/passageway from the greater sac to the lesser sac
The omental foramen (epiploic foramen, or foramen of winslow)
What are the boundaries of the lesser foramen
- Anterior= portal triad (hepatoduodenal ligament)
- Posterior= IVC and right crus of the diaphragm
- Superiorly= liver
- Inferiorly= first part of the duodenum
Describe the superior recess of the lesser sac
-Extends superiorly between the liver and the diaphragm
Describe the inferior recess
- Open during infancy when the layers have not fused
- Only extends as far as the transverse colon
How can the posterior wall of the stomach be accessed
Through the lesser sac
