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Gross > Neck Cont. > Flashcards

Neck Cont. Flashcards

1
Q

What make up the floor of the lateral cervical region (5)

A
  • Levator Scapulae
  • Splenius Capitus
  • Posterior scalene
  • Middle Scalene
  • Omohyoid
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2
Q

This muscle is deep and posterior to the middle scalene and levator scapulae?

A

Posterior scalene

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3
Q

What 2 muscles does the brachial plexus emerge between?

A

Anterior and middle scalene

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4
Q

What causes the angle of the omohyoid muscle to change?

A

-Has an intermediate tendon that changes the angle of the muscle

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5
Q

What are the main arteries of the the lateral cervical region (4)

A
  • Transverse Cervical
  • Suprascapular
  • Occipital
  • Subclavian
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6
Q

What are the main veins of the lateral cervical region (3)

A
  • External jugular
  • Subclavian
  • Brachiocephalic
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7
Q

Where does the external jugular join the subclavian vein

A

Right next to where the internal jugular vein joins the subclavian vein (don’t think about this one too much silly)

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8
Q

Does the internal carotid artery have branches?

A

NOPE CON!

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9
Q

Does the external carotid have branches?

A

Yes

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10
Q

When is the brachiocephalic vein formed?

A

-Formed when the internal jugular vein and the subclavian vein meet

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11
Q

What is the brachiocephalic vein also called?

A

The venous angle (where the lump drainage dumps into)

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12
Q

What side of the brachiocephalic vein is longer and why?

A

The left side is longer because it has to go to the right side to the superior vena cava

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13
Q

What muscle does the transverse cervical artery supply?

A

Trapezius

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14
Q

What muscle does the Suprascapular artery supply?

A

Rotator cuff muscles

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15
Q

What are the main nerves of the lateral cervical region? (4)

A
  1. Spinal Accessory
  2. Roots of the brachial plexus (bc its supraclavicular)
  3. Suprascapular
  4. Erbs point nerves
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16
Q

Where does the spinal accessory nerve lie?

A

On tope of the Levator scapulae- it is the most vulnerable

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17
Q

What muscles are innervated by the spinal accessory nerve?

A
  • SCM

- Trapezius

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18
Q

Are the fibers of the spinal accessory nerve that innervate the trap and the SCM motor or sensory?

A

Motor

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19
Q

Does damage to the Accessory nerve in the trap damage the SCM muscle? Or vice versa

A

Nope- they are different branches because the trap is posterior and the SCM is anterior
-to damage both of the muscles you would have to have damage where the Accessory nerve originates

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20
Q

Where does the phrenic nerve lie?

A

Anterior and superficial to the anterior scalene

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21
Q

What does the phrenic nerve innervate?

A

The diaphragm

  • Both sensory and motor
  • Mostly motor
  • C3, 4, 5
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22
Q

Describe what the clinical signs would be if you had a rotator cuff injury?

A
  • Erb Dushain Paulsey
  • Upper Brachial Plexus injury
  • Problem abducting and laterally rotating the arm so your arm will be adducted and medially rotated
  • Major impairment is the initial abduction
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23
Q

What are the contents of the cervical plexus (5)

A
  • Lesser occipital n
  • Greater auricular n
  • Transverse Cervical n
  • Supraclavicular n
  • Phrenic n
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24
Q

What nerves of the cervical plexus are cutaneous nerves (4)

A
  • Lesser occipital
  • Greater auricular
  • Transverse cervical
  • Supraclavicular
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25
Q

What nerve of the cervical plexus is motor?

A

Phrenic (it is actually both sensory and motor)

26
Q

What region are all of the nerves found in?

A

The lateral cervical region

27
Q

What are the components of the cervical plexus?

A

Anterior rami of C1-C5

28
Q

Do posterior rami participate in plexuses?

A

NO CON WHY WOULD YOU EVEN THINK THAT?

29
Q

Where does the ansa cervicalis lie?

A

On top of the carotid sheath

30
Q

What is the big picture of the Erb’s point nerves?

A

Cutaneous nerves of the cervical plexus that supply the head and neck

31
Q

What are the divisions of the anterior cervical region (4)

A
  • Submandibular
  • Carotid
  • Muscular
  • Submental (unpaired)
32
Q

What muscles are part of the Submandibular triangle (3)

A
  • Mylohyoid m
  • Hyoglossus m
  • Middle constrictor m
33
Q

What glands and lymph nodes are in the submandibular triangle (2)

A
  • Submandibular gland

- Submandibular lymph nodes

34
Q

What nerve is in the submandibular triangle?

A

-Hypoglossal nerve

35
Q

What are the arteries in the submandibular triangle (2)

A
  • Facial Artery

- Submental Artery

36
Q

Where does the facial artery lie?

A

Deep to the submandibular gland

  • goes alongside of the face and supplies the face with blood
  • it has elastic modification because of the extra stretch
37
Q

Describe cervical lymphadenopathy

A

Swollen enlarged lymph nodes

38
Q

Describe the hypoglossal nerve

A
  • Motor to the tongue
  • Comes out lateral to the tongue
  • Between hyoglossus and mylohyoid
39
Q

Where do the 2 mylohyoid muscles attach to eachother?

A

At the midline

40
Q

What is the action of the mylohyoid?

A

-Depresses mandible against resistance

41
Q

What is the action of the hyoglossus?

A
  • Pulls the base of the tongue down for the food bolus

- Connects to the tongue

42
Q

What are the contents of the carotid triangle (5)

A
  • Common carotid artery (internal and external)
  • Internal jugular vein
  • Vegas nerve
  • Ansa cervicalis
  • Deep cervical lymph nodes
43
Q

Why is the bifurcation of the common carotid artery a common place for stroke?

A

The bifurcation causes a change in the current and this damages endothelium

44
Q

Describe the carotid sinus

A
  • Near the bifurcation
  • Baroreceptor (pressure)
  • Senses oxygen
  • Autonomic NS
45
Q

Describe the clinical significance of a carotid occlusion and endarterectomy

A

-Surgical procedure needed to reestablish flow after plaques

46
Q

Where does the Vagus nerve travel?

A
  • To the transverse colon
  • Parasympathetic fibers for peristalsis
  • Innervates smooth muscle
47
Q

What are the contents of the muscular triangle (6)

A

Infrahyoid muscles… aka strap muscles

  • Omohyoid
  • Sternothyroid
  • Sternohyoid
  • Thyrohyoid

Viscera

  • Thyroid Glands
  • Parathyroid Glands
48
Q

What are contents of the submental triangle (2)

A
  • Submental Lymph nodes

- Anterior jugular vein

49
Q

What are the suprahyoid muscles (4)

A
  • Mylohyoid
  • Geniohyoid
  • Stylohyoid
  • Digastric
50
Q

What is the name of the fibrous band where mylohyoid muscles attach?

A

Median raphe

51
Q

What are the terminal branches of the external carotid artery (2)

A
  • Maxillary

- Superficial Temporal

52
Q

What are the branches off of the external carotid artery (6)

A
  • Ascending Pharyngeal
  • Occipital
  • Posterior Auricular
  • Superior thyroid
  • Lingual
  • Facial
53
Q

What divides the 3 parts of the subclavian artery?

A

Anterior scalene

54
Q

What are the largest branches of the subclavian artery (5)

A
  • Vertebral
  • Internal Thoracic
  • Thyrocervical truck
  • Costoclavicular
  • Dorsal Scapular
55
Q

What are the branches off of the Thyrocervical truck (3)

A
  • Inferior thyroid
  • Suprascapular
  • Transverse cervical
56
Q

What are the branches of the costocervical truck (2)

A
  • Deep cervical

- Highest Intercostal

57
Q

What are the veins of the neck (2)

A 
Jugular veins
    -External
    -Internal
    -Anterior
Brachiocephalic
58
Q

Even though the face is superficial, where does the blood from the facial vein empty?

A

Internal jugular

59
Q

What branches dump into the external jugular (2)

A
  • Retromandibular branch

- Posterior auricular branch

60
Q

T/F- The external jugular vein is superficial to the SCM?

61
Q

Is the internal jugular vein superficial or deep to the SCM?

Gross (45 decks)

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