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Gross > Head Cont. > Flashcards

Head Cont. Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 salivary glands?

A

-Parotid
-Submandibular
-Sublingual

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2
Q

Where does the parotid sheath travel?

A

Through the buccinators, near the upper 2nd molar, and empties into the oral vestibule

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3
Q

What nerve serves the parotid gland?

A

Glossopharyngeal Nerve
-Parasympathetic that travels through the otic ganglion

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4
Q

This gland has a duct that travels under the tongue and it travels laterally to the thing that holds the tongue down

A

Submandibular

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5
Q

What innervates the submandibular nerve?

A

Parasympathetic from the mandibular ganglion

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6
Q

Does the sublingual have a duct?

A

No- it just goes up through the floor under the tongue and there is not a specific duct

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7
Q

Where is the apex of the orbit located?

A

At the optic canal

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8
Q

What are the contents of the orbit?

A

-Eye
-Extraoccular muscles
-Lacrimal gland
-Fat (bc it is a pyramid shape with a sphere in it)

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9
Q

What innervates the lacrimal gland?

A

Facial Nerve- parasympathetic secretomotor
-also goes to the buccus gland and the nose

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10
Q

What are the contents of the lacrimal apparatus?

A

-Lacrimal gland
-Lacrimal lake
-Papilla
-Punctum
-Canaliculi
-Lacrimal Sac
-Nasolacrimal Duct

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11
Q

What are the 2 chambers of the eye? and what seperates them?

A

-Anterior and Posterior
-Seperated by the iris and the pupil connects them

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12
Q

What compartment has chambers? and what are they?

A

-Anterior compartment has anterior and posterior chambers

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13
Q

What are the 3 layers of the eye?

A

-Outside= Fibrous, the dural mater forms the sclera
-Middle= Vascular- spread out in the coroid layer, contains the cilirary body and the iris
- This is where inflammation occurs (bc cant have inflammation without vessels)
-Inner= Neural Layer

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14
Q

What is secreted by the superior conjunctival fornix?

A

-A lipid substance so your eye doesn’t stick together

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15
Q

What is the purpose of the tarsal plate?

A

-Gives rigidity to the upper plate and lifts upper lid

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16
Q

What 2 things does the ciliary body contain?

A

-Ciliary muscle and ciliary process

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17
Q

What is the significance of the iridocorneal angle?

A

-Aqueous humor drains back into the veins here

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18
Q

What happens if you have poor drainage in the iridocorneal angle?

A

Increase in fluid= increase in pressure= glaucoma due to the pressure on the nerve

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19
Q

What are the extra-occular muscles?

A

-Levator palpebrae superioris
-Superior oblique
-Inferior oblique
-Superior rectus
-Inferior rectus
-Medial rectus
-Lateral rectus

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20
Q

What movements does the eye do around the vertical axis?

A

-Abduction
-Adduction

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21
Q

What movements does the eye do around the horizontal axis?

A

-Elevation
-depression

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22
Q

Describe what happens in extorsion

A

The superior iris rotates laterally on the visual axis

23
Q

Describe what happens in intorsion

A

The superior rectus rotates medially on the visual axis

24
Q

What nerves are included in the orbit?

A

-Optic (2)
-Oculomotor (3)
-Trochlear (4)
-Abducens (6)
-Branches of opthalamic division of CN 5

25
Q

What does the external nose consist of?

A

-Bones
-Cartilage
-Nares
-Septum

26
Q

What does the nasal cavity consist of?

A

-Nasal mucosa
-Conchae (superior, middle, and inferior)

27
Q

What conchae are part of the ethmoid bone?

A

Superior and middle conchae

28
Q

What separate the conchae?

A

The superior, middle, and inferior meadus

29
Q

What lies posterior to the conchae?

A

Nasopharynx

30
Q

What is the purpose of the sinuses?

A

-Lighten the bone
-Connect to respiratory tract
-Lined with mucosa
-Innervated

31
Q

What are the 4 sinuses?

A

-Frontal
-Ethmoid
-Sphenoid
-Maxillary

32
Q

What is the middle nasal meatus?

A

Opening between the frontal and maxillary sinuses

33
Q

If you have conductive hearing loss, where does the damage occur?

A

-Outer window to the oval window that connects to the stapes

34
Q

If you have sensory neural hearing loss, where does the damage occur?

A

Damage to the cochlea

35
Q

______ is in contact with the TM

A

Malleus

36
Q

What is the purpose for the TM?

A

-Equalizes pressure and allows for vibration amplification system

37
Q

What landmark starts the inner ear?

A

-The oval window

38
Q

At the oval window, the environment goes from _____ to _____?

A

Air to fluid environment

39
Q

Perilymph is ________, and _______ is inside

A

Outside, and inside

40
Q

This muscle acts on the malleus and lessens the vibrations to protect the cochlea

A

Tensor Tympani Muscle

41
Q

This muscle attaches to the stapes and lessens the virations to protect the cochlea

A

Stapedius Muscle

42
Q

What are the 3 fossae of the cranial base?

A

-Anterior, middle, and posterior

43
Q

What are the 2 layers of the dura mater?

A

-Periosteal layer
-Meningeal Layer

44
Q

Describe the dural folds?

A

Extensions of ONLY the meningeal mater

45
Q

What are the dural sinuses?

A

They function like veins- they take venous blood from head and they drain them out of the head

46
Q

What do arachnoid granulations do?

A

Return fluid to venous blood

47
Q

What are the pits called that the arachnoid granulations form?

A

-Granular fovelae

48
Q

Where is the CSF secreted?

A

Venticles

49
Q

Is reabsorbtion constant in the brain?

A

Yes- too much CSF pushes on the brain and results in hydrocephalus

50
Q

Describe a subdural hematoma

A

-Venous bleeds
-Low pressure
-Blood spreads across surface
-Below meningeal layer

51
Q

Describe an epidural hematoma

A

-arterial
-under pressure

52
Q

What are the 5 divisions of the brain?

A

-Cerebrum
-Diencephalon
-Cerebellum
-Brainstem
-Ventricular system

53
Q

What nerve separates the cerebellar and the cerebral arteries of the circle of willis

A

Oculomotor

Gross (45 decks)

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