Knee

Question 1

What type of joint is the knee?

Answer 1

Synovial hinge joint

Question 2

What types of movement are permitted by the knee joint?

Answer 2

• Gliding
• Rolling
• Some rotation
• Flexion and extension

Question 3

Where is the fulcrum in the knee joint?

Answer 3

Fulcrum between 2 levels

Question 4

What are some components that make the knee joint stronger?

Answer 4

• Intrinsic, intracapsular, and extrinsic ligaments
• Splinting by tendons
• Mencius

Question 5

Describe genu valgus

Answer 5

• Q angle is exaggerated of the knee that causes the lower leg to point laterally
• This increases the amount of space between the medial condyles, while decreasing the space between the lateral condyles

Question 6

Describe genu varum

Answer 6

• The Q angle is exaggerated in the opposite direction
• Extra stress is placed on the medial meniscus
• There is an extra space between the lateral condyles
• Results in arthrosis

Question 7

What are the primary movements of the knee joint?

Answer 7

Flexion and Extension

-some gliding and rolling

Question 8

In the knee joint, what bone is fixed?

Answer 8

Tibia is FIXED

-The femur rotates on top of it

Question 9

Are the condyles on the femur concave or convex?

Answer 9

Femoral condyles = convex

Question 10

The articular surface of the femoral condyles extends superiorly on the (anterior or posterior) aspect?

Answer 10

Posterior aspect

Question 11

What is the larger femoral epicondyle?

Answer 11

The medial epicondyle is LARGER

Question 12

This is relatively flat for the articulation with the femur

Answer 12

Tibial plateau

Question 13

The medial side of the tibial plateau is _____ while the lateral side is ______

Answer 13

Medial= concave
Lateral= Convex

Question 14

What is the MAIN thing that keeps the bones of the knee joint stable?

Answer 14

The MUSCLES

Question 15

T/F- The knee is most stable when standing

Answer 15

True

Question 16

In the knee joint, is there more lateral or medial rotation?

Answer 16

More lateral rotation!!

Question 17

What is the main job of the menisci in relation to the knee joint itself?

Answer 17

Deepen the socket

Question 18

The patella is the largest _____ bone in the body

Answer 18

Sesamoid

Question 19

What bone(s) does the patella articulate with?

Answer 19

The femur ONLY

Question 20

Explain the mechanical advantage of the patella?

Answer 20

-Pulls the Quad tendon away from the tibial tuberosity (more anteriorly) and farther from the joints axis

Question 21

Where does the vertical ridge of the deep surface of the patella track on the femur?

Answer 21

In the intercondylar groove

Question 22

What are the 3 main bursa around the knee?

Answer 22

1. Suprapatellar bursa
2. Prepatellar bursa
3. Infrapatellar bursa (deep and superficial)

Question 23

Where does the suprapatellar bursae lie

Answer 23

This bursa lies deep to the tendon of quadriceps femorus, superior to the knee joint

Question 24

What is the suprapatellar bursae continuous with?

Answer 24

Joint space- so there is a potential risk of spreading of infection

Question 25

What holds the suprapatellar bursa superiorly?

Answer 25

The articular muscle of the knee

Question 26

These 2 bursa allow the skin to move freely around the knee as it bends

Answer 26

-Prepatellar
-Superficial infrapatellar
(because they are located closest to the skin)

Question 27

This separates the deep Infrapatellar bursae from the joint space

Answer 27

Infrapatellar fat pad