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Gross > Antebrachium > Flashcards

Antebrachium Flashcards

1
Q

What are the compartments of the antebrachium?

A

Anterior and posterior

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2
Q

What is the antebrachial fascia continuous with?

A

The brachial fascia

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3
Q

What type of joint is the interosseous membrane?

A

Syndesmoses (Long fibers)

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4
Q

Describe the difference between long fibers and short fibers in a syndesmoses

A

Longer fibers have greater flexibility than shorter fibers

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5
Q

What does the antibrachium have instead of medial intramuscular septum?

A

Interosseous membrane between the radius and the ulna

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6
Q

What is the purpose of the fascia retinaculum?

A

Hold down the long tendon during flexing so the muscles don’t bow string

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7
Q

What is the retinaculum?

A

It is extension of the fascia

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8
Q

What are the 2 retinaculums?

A
  • Flexor retinaculum

- Extensor retinaculum

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9
Q

What is the main movement of the radius and the ulna?

A

-Pronation and Supination

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10
Q

What are the 2 articulations of the radius and the ulna?

A
  • Head of the radius articulates with the radial notch of the ulna
  • Head of the ulna articulates with the ulnar notch of the radius
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11
Q

Where is the radial head located (proximal/distal)

A

Proximal

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12
Q

Where is the ulnar head located (proximal/distal)

A

Distal- near the styloid process of the ulna

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13
Q

Describe a dinner fork deformity

A
  • The distal radius is drivin posteriorly

- Commonly seen in Colles fracture

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14
Q

Describe Colles fracture

A
  • Occurs in the distal 2 cm of the radius
  • Usually occurs in older people
  • Occurs when you fall and your hand is out- causing an extension force
  • The distal part bends posteriorly and its usually communited fracture
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15
Q

Are the styloid processes of the radius and ulna proximal or distal?

A

Both are distal

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16
Q

What type of joint is the proximal radioulnar joint?

A

Synovial–> pivot

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17
Q

What articulates at the radioulnar joint?

A

The head of the radius and the radial notch on the ulna

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18
Q

What ligament holds the head of the radius on to the surface of the ulna?

A

The anular ligament

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19
Q

During supination and pronation, what bone stays steady and what bone moves?

A

The ulna stays steady

-The radius moves

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20
Q

Describe subluxation at the elbow

A

AKA nurse maids elbow

  • the radial head pulls out of between the anular ligament and the ulna and pinches the anular ligament
  • To fix you have to forcefully supinate/extend to cause the head to go back
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21
Q

How do the fibers of the interosseous membrane influence the movement of the radius and ulna?

A

They are long so they permit more movement and this allows for supination and pronation

22
Q

Describe the distal radioulnar joint?

A

Synovial–> Pivot Joint

23
Q

What 2 things articulate in the distal radioulnar joint?

A

The head of the ulna and the ulnar notch of the radius

24
Q

What can you compare the distal radioulnar joint to?

A

Tetherball- one end it stabilized and the other can move

25
Q

What is the name of the articular disc of the radius and ulna?

A

The dorsal radioulnar ligament

-“Triangular Ligament”

26
Q

What are the 2 ligaments at the distal radioulnar joint?

A
  • Anterior Ligament

- Posterior Ligament

27
Q

How many bones does the carpus consist of?

A

8 (Pisiform, Triquetrum, Lunate, Scaffoid, Trapezium, Trapezoid, Capitate, Hamate)

28
Q

Describe the radiocarpal joint

A

Synovial –> Condyloid

29
Q

What movement does the radiocarpal joint allow?

A

-Flex/Ex/Ab/Ad/Circumduct

30
Q

What are the 4 bones that participate in the radiocarpal joint?

A

Radius, Scaffoid, Lunate, and Triquetrum

31
Q

Does the ulna play a role in the radiocarpal joint?

A

No!

32
Q

What are the ligaments of the radiocarpal joint?

A
  • Radial Collateral
  • Ulnar Collateral
  • Anterior Lig
  • Posterior Lig
33
Q

What does the radial collateral ligament limit?

A

Adduction

34
Q

What does the ulnar collateral ligament limit?

A

Abduction

35
Q

What does the anterior ligament do?

A

Pulls the hand to follow in suppination

36
Q

What does the posterior ligament do?

A

Allows the hand to follow in pronation

37
Q

Characteristics of the Radial Artery

A
  • Recurrent

- Continues as deep palmar arch (anastomoses across the wrist)

38
Q

Characteristics of the Ulnar Artery

A
  • Recurrents

- Continues as superficial palmar arch

39
Q

Describe the common interosseous artery

A
  • Supplies the deepest structures

- Has 3 parts

40
Q

What are the 3 parts of the interosseous artery

A
  • Anterior
  • Posterior
  • Recurrent
41
Q

Describe the alan test

A

To check for perfusion across radial and ulnar arteries from the wrist

42
Q

What are signs of a median nerve injury?

A

You cant flex your thumb and 1st and 2nd digits

43
Q

What occurs at an ulnar nerve injury

A

The pinky and ring finger do not flex (stay straight)

  • can still flex the wrist
  • not a good grip
44
Q

What make up the floor of the anatomical snuff box (4)

A
  1. Scaphoid
  2. Trapezium
  3. Base of 1st metacarpal
  4. Radial styloid
45
Q

How do you tighten your anatomical snuff box?

A

Abduct the thumb and the tendons tighten

46
Q

What does the roof of the anatomical snuff box consist of?

A

The radial artery and nerve

47
Q

What happens if your scaphoid is fractured?

A
  • Causes stiffness
  • May not show up for days,
  • Heals slowly and poorly because of poor blood flow
48
Q

What does the musculocutaneous nerve innervate?

A
  • Muscles of the anterior compartment of the arm

- Lateral skin over the lateral forearm (post Cubital fossa)

49
Q

What does the median nerve travel to and from?

A

Runs lateral to the brachial artery

-At midarm- it crosses to the medial side of the artery

50
Q

Where does the ulnar nerve travel to and from?

A

Runs medial into medial intermuscular septum and posterior to the medial epicondyle

51
Q

What are the boundaries of the anatomical snuff box (3)

A
  1. Extensor pollicis longus
  2. Extensor pollicis brevis
  3. Abductor pollicis longus

Gross (45 decks)

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