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Gross > Head > Flashcards

Head Flashcards

1
Q

What are the bones of the Neurocranium?

A
  • Frontal
  • Parietal
  • Occipital
  • Temporal
  • Sphenoidal
  • Ethmoidal
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2
Q

What are the paired bones of the Viscerocranium? (5)

A
  • Maxillae
  • Inferior Nasal Conchae
  • Zygomatic Bone
  • Palatine
  • Nasal
  • Lacrimal
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3
Q

What are the unpaired bones of the Viscerocranium?

A
  • Mandible
  • Ethmoid
  • Vomer
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4
Q

What are the 5 layers of the scalp?

A 
S-Skin
C-Connective Tissue
A- Aponeurosis 
L-Loose Areolar tissue
P-Pericranium
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5
Q

Why do scalp lacerations bleed profusely?

A

-Very rich in vessels in the CT layer

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6
Q

What are the 2 layers of dura?

A
  • Periosteal Layer

- Meningeal Layer

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7
Q

What dura makes up the falx?

A

Only Meningeal Dura

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8
Q

What layer are the facial muscles located in and why?

A

-All in the subcutaneous layer because there is no deep fascia on the face

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9
Q

Where is the exception to “no deep fascia on the face”

A

The temporal muscle

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10
Q

Besides muscles, what else is in the subcutaneous tissue?

A
  • Loose CT
  • Fat
  • Nerves
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11
Q

What is the purpose of the facial muscles?

A

Expressions, communication, protecting eye

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12
Q

What are the 6 branches of CN 7 (facial) that do motor innervation to the face?

A
  • Posterior auricular
  • Temporal
  • Zygomatic
  • Buccal
  • Marginal Mandibular
  • Cervical
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13
Q

What gland do the motor fibers of CN 7 travel through?

A

Parotid Gland

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14
Q

What 2 main nerves are cutaneous nerves of the face and head?

A
  • Spinal Nerves

- Trigeminal Nerves

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15
Q

What are the 3 divisions of the Trigeminal Nerves

A
  • Opthalamic
  • Maxillary
  • Mandibular`
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16
Q

T/F- All 3 divisions of trigeminal have general sensory branches

A

True

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17
Q

What branch of trigeminal has motor fibers?

A

Only V3

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18
Q

What are the branches of V1?

A
  • Supra-orbital
  • Supratrochlear
  • Lacrimal
  • Infratrochlear
  • External Nasal
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19
Q

What are the branches of V2?

A
  • Zygomaticotemporal
  • Infra-orbital
  • Zygomaticofacial
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20
Q

What are the branches of V3?

A
  • Auriculotemporal
  • Mental
  • Buccal
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21
Q

What nerve innervates the meninges?

A

Trigeminal

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22
Q

What are the 2 branches off the internal carotid artery in the head?

A
  • Supraorbital Artery

- Supratrochlear Artery

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23
Q

What are the contents of the infratemporal fossa?

A
  • Inferior temporal m
  • Pterygoid muscle
  • Branches of V3 nerves (lingual and nerve to mylohyoid)
  • Cordae tympani
  • Maxillary artery (branch of external carotid artery
24
Q

What does the maxillary artery supply?

A

Palates and teeth

25
Q

What type of joint is the temporomandibular joint (TMJ)?

A

-Synovial- Modified hinge joint

26
Q

What is the big picture job of the temporomandibular joint?

A

To always be between the temporal bone and the head of the mandible

27
Q

What type of cartilage does the TMJ joint have?

A

Fibrocartilage

28
Q

How many articular points does the TMJ joint have?

A

2- It has to slide forward before the hinge action can open the mouth wide

29
Q

Since it is a synovial joint, what 2 things does it contain?

A
  • Capsule

- Articular disc

30
Q

How many synovial joints does the head contain?

A

2- only the TMJ joints

31
Q

What types of joints does the rest of the body have?

A

Sutures

32
Q

What are the 3 ligaments of the TMJ joint?

A
  • Lateral ligament
  • Stylomandibular ligament
  • Sphenomandibular ligament
33
Q

This ligament is derieved from the parotid capsule and attaches to the styloid process of the temporal bone and the superior portion of the angle of the mandible

A

Stylomandibular ligament

34
Q

This ligament is used for antigravity support and attaches to the anterior surface of the lateral mandible

A

Sphenomandibular ligament

35
Q

This ligament attaches to the zygomatic process of the temporal bone and the superior portion of the mandible.

A

Lateral Ligaments

36
Q

Describe the basic movement of the TMJ joint when chewing

A

The superior portion glides forward until you are anterior to the tubercle then the jaw can be opened wide

37
Q

What are the 4 masticatory muscles?

A
  • Temporal
  • Masseter
  • Medial Pterygoid
  • Lateral Pterygoid
38
Q

How many bellies does the lateral pterygoid have?

A

2 bellies- a superior and inferior

39
Q

Describe where they attach and their relationship to the TMJ joint

A

The superior belly attaches to the disk of the TMJ joint and the inferior belly attaches to the neck of the mandible
-This ensures that the disk and the mandible move together

40
Q

What movement is the temporal muscle mainly for?

A
  • Fibers elevate and retrude
41
Q

What movement occurs if you pull the posterior fibers of the temporal muscle and the lateral pterygoid?

A

-You swing the jaw

42
Q

Temporalis Muscle (O,I,A,IN)

A 
O= floor of the temporal fossa
I= Coronoid process of the mandible
A= Elevates mandible and closes jaw
(posterior fibers retract mandible)
In= Mandibular Nerve (CN 5- V3)- Deep temporal branches
43
Q

Masseter Muscle (O,I,A,IN)

A 
O= Maxillary process of the zygomatic bone and the zygomatic arch
I= Angle and lateral surface of ramus of mandible
A= Elevates mandible, closes the jaw
In= Mandibular Nerve (CN 5, V3)-masseteric branches
44
Q

Lateral Pterygoid (O,I,A,IN)

A

O= Crest of the greater wing of the sphenoid
- lateral surface of lateral pterygoid plate
I= Upper head- joint capsule of TMJ joint
Lower head- Pterygoid fovea on neck of the condyloid process of the mandible
A= Bilaterally- protracts mandible and depresses chin
Unilaterally- swings jaw toward contralateral side
IN=Mandibular Nerve (CN 5, V3)- Lateral pterygoid nerve

45
Q

Medial Pterygoid (O,I,A,IN)

A

O= Medial surface of lateral pterygoid plate
-Tuberosity of maxilla
I= Medial surface of the ramus of mandible
A= Synergist to masseter
-Elevates mandible
Produces small grinding movements
IN= Mandibular Nerve (CN V3)- Medial Pterygoid Branch

46
Q

This is the small area between the cheeks and the lips?

A

Oral vestibule

47
Q

This area lies posteriomedially to the dental arches and includes them as well as the tongue

A

Oral Cavity Proper

48
Q

What lies on the lips and inner cheeks?

A

Mucus membranes

49
Q

Describe the palate

A

-Contains hard, soft and horizontal plate of the palatine bone

50
Q

What is the blood supply for the oral cavity?

A

Branches of the maxillary (V2)

51
Q

This lies between the palatoglossal and the palatopharyngeal fold and it is intermediate to the throat

A

Fauces

52
Q

Where is the palatine tonsil located?

A

In the fauces

53
Q

What are the 4 extrinsic muscles of the tongue?

A
  • Genioglossus
  • Hyoglossus
  • Styloglossus
  • Palatoglossus
54
Q

T/F- The part of the tongue that is visible in the oral cavity proper is the dorsal aspect?

A

True

55
Q

What is the innervation of…

  • Genioglossus
  • Hyoglossus
  • Styloglossus
A

Hypoglossal Nerve

56
Q

What innervates the palatoglossis?

A

Vegas Nerve

57
Q

What is the purpose of the intrinsic tongue muscles?

A

To change the shape of the tongue

Gross (45 decks)

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