Pelvic Diaphragm Muscles

Question 1

What are the 2 muscles of the pelvic diaphragm?

Answer 1

• Coccygeus

- Levator ani

Question 2

This separates the pelvic cavity from the perineum

Answer 2

The pelvic diaphragm

Question 3

This muscle goes from the isheal spine to the anterior surface of the sacrum and coccyx

Answer 3

Coccygeus m

Question 4

What innervates the coccygeus muscle

Answer 4

S4 and S5 fibers

Question 5

What 3 muscles make up the levator ani?

Answer 5

• Iliococcygeus
• Pubococcygeus
• Puborectalis

Question 6

This muscle contains the gap for the passage of the urethra in males and females

Answer 6

Pubococcygeus

Question 7

What is the name of the anterior gap for the passage of the urethra?

Answer 7

Urogenital hiatus

Question 8

What innervates the levator ani muscles

Answer 8

• S4 branches

- Inferior anal nerve (branch of the pudenal)

Question 9

What are the 3 apuratures of the pelvic floor

Answer 9

• Urethra
• Vagina
• Anus

Question 10

What are the ligaments of the pelvic floor

Answer 10

• Sacrotuberous
• Sacrospinous
• Obturator membrane

Question 11

What are the 2 triangles that divide the perineum?

Answer 11

• Urogenital triangle

- Anal triangle

Question 12

What are the boundaries of the UG triangle

Answer 12

• Pubic Symphysis
• Ischiopubic ramus
• Ischeal tuberosity

Question 13

What are the boundaries of the anal triangle

Answer 13

• Ischeal tuberosity
• Sacrotuberous ligament
• Coccyx

Question 14

The _____ triangle is enclosed in a thin sheet of tough fascia called the _____

Answer 14

• UG triangle

- Perineal membrane

Question 15

What perforates the perineal membrane?

Answer 15

• Urethra

- Vagina

Question 16

What is the main feature of the anal triangle

Answer 16

Anal orifice

Question 17

What is deep to the anal orifice?

Answer 17

Anal orifice –> Anal canal –> ischioanal fat

Question 18

What is the central structure between the UG triangle and the anal triangle

Answer 18

The perineal body

Question 19

What is the perineal body composed of?

Answer 19

• Collagen and elastic fibers

- Skeletal and smooth muscle

Question 20

What muscles attach to the perineal body

Answer 20

• Bulbospongiosus
• External anal sphincter
• Superficial and deep transverse perineal muscles
• External urethral sphincter
• Levator ani

Question 21

This is a wedge shaped fascia lined space between the skin of the anal region and the pelvic diaphragm

Answer 21

Ischeoanal fossa

Question 22

What is in the ischeoanal fossa?

Answer 22

• Fat

- Loose CT

Question 23

• Thickening of the circular muscle

- Proximal 2/3 of the anal canal

Answer 23

Internal anal sphincter

Question 24

What controls the internal anal sphincter?

Answer 24

Involuntary
Tone= Sympathetic stimulation
Relaxation=Parasympathetic stimulation

Question 25

Describe the external anal sphincter

Answer 25

• Voluntary

- Distal 2/3

Question 26

Where does the external anal sphincter attach?

Answer 26

• Perineal body

- Anococcygeal ligament

Question 27

What innervates the external anal sphincter?

Answer 27

Inferior anal nerve (branch off of the pudenal nerve)

Question 28

What is superficial to the perineal membrane

Answer 28

-The external genitalia

Question 29

This is a horizontal passageway within the fascia of the obturator internist muscle
-On the lateral wall of the ischioanal fossa

Answer 29

Pudenal canal

Question 30

What travels through the pudenal canal?

Answer 30

• Pudenal nerve

- Internal pudenal artery and vein

Question 31

What is one of the main branches off of the pudenal artery and vein

Answer 31

-Inferior rectal artery

Question 32

Is the pudenal nerve sensory or motor?

Answer 32

Both

• Mainly sensory
• Mainly somatic
• The main nerve of the perineum

Question 33

The internal pudenal artery changes names into the…

Answer 33

Inferior rectal artery