Foot cont Flashcards
What 2 joints make up the transverse tarsal joint
- Talonavicular
- Calcaneocuboid
What occurs at the transverse tarsal joint
- The midfoot and forefoot rotate as a unit on the hindfoot
- This enhances the inversion and eversion movements of the clinical subtalar joint
What is the transverse tarsal joint used for clinically?
- Surgeons tarsal joint
- Where amputations occur
Ligaments provide _____ support
Passive
Muscles provide ______ support
Active
Where do the medial and lateral longitudinal muscles divert from
Common point- the calcaneus
What does the medial arch contain
- Navicular
- cuneiforms
- metatarsals 1-3
What does the lateral arch contain
- Cuboid
- Metatarsals 4-5
What does the transverse arch contain
- Cuboid
- 3 cuniforms
- Bases of metatarsals 1-5
What 2 muscles help maintain the transverse arch
- Fibularis longus
- Tibialis posterior
What is the role of the intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the foot
To maintain dynamic support
Pes Planus=
Flat footed- due to the overstretching of plantar ligaments and aponeurosis
What is in the first layer of feet muscles
- Abductor hallicus
- Abductor digiti minimi
- Flexor digitorum brevis
What is in the second layer of feet muscles
- Quadratus plantae
- Lumbricles
- Flexor digitorum longus tendon
- Flexor hallicus longus tendon
What is in the third layer of muscles of the foot
- Flexor hallicus Brevis
- Adductor hallicus
- Flexor digiti minimi
What muscles of the foot looks like a 7
Adductor hallicus (transverse and oblique heads)
What is in the 4th layer of the foot
- 3 plantar
- 4 dorsal
What innervates the extensor hallicus Brevis and extensor digitorum brevis
Deep fibular nerve
This is a continuation of the crural fascia of the leg and it is very thick
Plantar panoneurosis
Where does the plantar aponeurosis extend too and from
- Calcaneus
- Each digit
What nerves supply cutaneous innervation to the dorsum of the foot
Superficial and Deep fibular nerve
What nerves supply cutaneous innervation to the plantar surface of the foot
Medial and Lateral plantar nerve
What nerve do the medial and lateral planter nerve branch off of
Tibial nerve
What are the 3 main arteries of the foot that branched off of the Anterior Tibial Artery
- Medial malleolar
- Lateral malleolar
- Dorsalis pedis
What are the branches off of dorsalis pedis
- Arcuate a
- Deep plantar a
What are the branches off of the posterior tibial artery
- Medial plantar a
- Lateral plantar a
- Plantar arch
