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Placenta Praevia Flashcards

1
Q

What is placenta praevia?

A

Placenta overlying the cervical OS

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2
Q

What position can the placenta be in in Placenta praevia?

A

It can be lying wholly or partly over the lower uterine segment

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3
Q

What is the main presentation of placenta praevia?

A

Painless bright red vaginal bleeding

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4
Q

When does placenta praevia usually occur?

A

24 weeks gestation

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5
Q

What is the shock in placenta praevia proportional to?

A

Visible blood loss

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6
Q

What may be abnormal about the foetus is placenta praevia?

A

The lie and presentation of the foetus

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7
Q

What is the main investigation of placenta praevia?

A

Transvaginal ultrasound

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8
Q

When is placenta praevia usually picked up?

A

20 weeks abdominal ultrasound scan

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9
Q

Why would you do another ultrasound at 37 weeks in a patient with placenta praevia?

A

To reassess the position of the placenta

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10
Q

How is the position of the placenta classified?

A

Via a grading scale

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11
Q

What is Grade 1 of Placenta praevia?

A

Placenta reaches the lower segment but not the internal OS

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12
Q

What is Grade 2 of Placenta praevia?

A

Placenta reaches the internal OS but doesn’t cover it

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13
Q

What is Grade 3 of Placenta Praevia?

A

Placenta covers the internal OS before dilatation but not when dilated

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14
Q

What is Grade 4 of Placenta Praevia?

A

Placenta completely covers the internal OS

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15
Q

What is the management if the patient is grade 3 or 4?

A

Elective caesarean section (37-38 weeks)

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16
Q

What is the management if the patient is Grade 1?

A

Vaginal delivery

17
Q

What is the management of a patient with placenta praevia and bleeding?

A

Emergency Caesarean section

18
Q

What are the associated risks with placenta praevia?

A
  • multiparity
  • multiple pregnancy
  • embryos are more likely to implant on a lower segment scar from previous caesarean section
19
Q

What are the possible complications of placenta praevia?

A
  • antepartum haemorrhage
    • emergency caesarean section
    • emergency hysterectomy
    • maternal anaemia and transfusions
    • preterm birth and low birth weight
    • stillbirth

Reproduction (88 decks)

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