Pharmacologic Principles Part 2-Pharmacodynamics Flashcards
LOCK AND KEY CONCEPT
PHARMACOKINETICS, PHARMACEUTICS, or PHARMACODYNAMICS
Pharmacodynamics
Beta 1 receptors=
Key or LOCK
LOCK
Epinephrine/Adrenaline=
Key or LOCK
Key
Epinephrine= ? =OPENS the lock
Beta1 agonist or antagonists
Beta1 agonist
Beta blockers=? (bock the lock)
Beta1 agonist or antagonists
antagonists
Drugs=?
Locks=?
Action= ?
targets/receptors, Keys, open/close
Drugs=Keys
Locks=targets/receptors
Action= open/close
Drugs=Keys
(Open or close) LOCKS throughout body
Both
Are a reactive site on the surface or inside of a cell?
Response , Receptors, Affinity
Receptors
Drug or chemical binds to the receptor site and interacts creating a ?
Response , Receptors, Affinity
Response
Degree to which a drug attaches to a receptor?
Higher or Lower ? Wins?
Response , Receptors, Affinity
2x Affinity
LOCK AND KEY CONCEPT=
Response , Receptors, Affinity
Receptors
Could have positive/negative benefit?
Response , Receptors, Affinity
Response
Drugs that bind to receptors, but there is a response
partial agonist, agonist, antagonist
agonist
Drugs that bind to receptors with no response
partial agonist, agonist, antagonist
antagonist
Drugs prevents agonist from binding to receptor
partial agonist, agonist, antagonist
antagonist
Drug that binds to receptor, The response is diminished compared to elicited response.
partial agonist, agonist, antagonist
partial agonist
Expected Pharmacological Action
Unintended Outcome or Intended Outcome
Intended Outcome
This is when someone is harmed by a medication Could be (appropriate or inappropriate) use of the drug
Unintended Outcome or Intended Outcome
Unintended Outcome
Both
1)Medication Error (?)
Appropriate or Inappropriate
Inappropriate
2) Adverse Drug Reaction (?)
Appropriate or Inappropriate
Appropriate
Major drug classes that cause Adverse Drug Events are:?
a. Antibiotics
b. Anticoagulants
c. Diabetes Medications
d. Opioids
e. None
g. All
g. All
Which are Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) or ADE?
a. Drug Interactions
b. Allergic/Hypersensitivity Reaction (Type through Type 4)= IMMUNE RESPONSE
c. Pharmacological/ Drug Toxicity
d. Idiosyncratic
e. None
f. All
f. All
Patient receives too much Morphine and stops breathing- Respiratory Rate too low
a. Drug Interactions
b. Allergic/Hypersensitivity Reaction (Type through Type 4)= IMMUNE RESPONSE
c. Pharmacological/ Drug Toxicity
d. Idiosyncratic
e. None
f. All
c. Pharmacological/ Drug Toxicity
Patient develops HIVES when given Penicillin
a. Drug Interactions
b. Allergic/Hypersensitivity Reaction (Type through Type 4)= IMMUNE RESPONSE
c. Pharmacological/ Drug Toxicity
d. Idiosyncratic
e. None
f. All
b. Allergic/Hypersensitivity Reaction (Type through Type 4)= IMMUNE RESPONSE
Cannot be explained by known mechanisms.
a. Drug Interactions
b. Allergic/Hypersensitivity Reaction (Type through Type 4)= IMMUNE RESPONSE
c. Pharmacological/ Drug Toxicity
d. Idiosyncratic
e. None
f. All
d. Idiosyncratic
Multiple drugs given. Competition
a. Drug Interactions
b. Allergic/Hypersensitivity Reaction (Type through Type 4)= IMMUNE RESPONSE
c. Pharmacological/ Drug Toxicity
d. Idiosyncratic
e. None
f. All
a. Drug Interactions
Blood pressure medication given lowers the blood pressure (higher the dose given, the lower the blood pressure)- becomes hypotensive
•Opioid/Morphine given, and patient had respiratory depression
Drug Tolerance or Drug Toxicity
Drug Toxicity
Body decreases response to a drug over time
Drug Tolerance or Drug Toxicity
Drug Tolerance
Drug-Drug Interactions
(1+1= 2)
Hypertension- need two blood pressure medications to lower it
Synergy or Additive Effect or Antagonistic Effect
Additive Effect
Drug-Drug Interactions
(1 + 1 = 6)
Can drink a few beers fine without causing any respiratory depression
Synergy or Additive Effect or Antagonistic Effect
Synergy
Drug-Drug Interactions
(1 + 1 = 6)
Add opioid + alcohol= respiratory depression
Synergy or Additive Effect or Antagonistic Effect
Synergy
(competition)
Morphine vs Naloxone= both compete for opioid receptors
Morphine= AGONIST
Naloxone= ANTAGONIST
Synergy or Additive Effect or Antagonistic Effect
Antagonistic Effect
BE CAREFUL- IF GIVING, MONITOR CLOSELY!
CONTRA-INDICATION or PRECAUTION/CAUTION
PRECAUTION/CAUTION
HARD RULE
DO NOT GIVE UNDER ANY CIRCUMSTANCES
CONTRA-INDICATION or PRECAUTION/CAUTION
CONTRA-INDICATION
Nursing Process
:Before giving morphine
Check Cautions
Check Contra-indications
EVALUATE or ASSES
ASSES
Nursing Process
After giving morphine
INTENDED OUTCOME
UNINTENDED OUTCOME: Adverse Drug Reaction 1.Pharmacological/ Drug Toxicity
2.Allergic/Hypersensitivity Reaction (Type through Type 4)= IMMUNE RESPONSE
3.Drug-Drug Interactions
EVALUATE or ASSES
EVALUATE
