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Phamacology Summer > Anti-Hypertensive Therapy: Part 1 > Flashcards

Anti-Hypertensive Therapy: Part 1 Flashcards

1
Q 
α2 agonists
a. clonidine, methyldopa
b. prazosin
c. metoprolol
carvedilol, propranolol, labetalol
d. Lisinopril
e.  losartan
f. aliskiren
A

a. clonidine, methyldopa

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2
Q 
• α1 blockers
a. clonidine, methyldopa
b. prazosin
c. metoprolol
carvedilol, propranolol, labetalol
d. Lisinopril
e.  losartan
f. aliskiren
A

b. prazosin

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3
Q 
• ß blockers
a. clonidine, methyldopa
b. prazosin
c. metoprolol
carvedilol, propranolol, labetalol
d. Lisinopril
e.  losartan
f. aliskiren
A

c. metoprolol

carvedilol, propranolol, labetalol

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4
Q 
•ACE Inhibitors
a. clonidine, methyldopa
b. prazosin
c. metoprolol
carvedilol, propranolol, labetalol
d. Lisinopril
e.  losartan
f. aliskiren
A

d. Lisinopril

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5
Q 
•ARBs
a. clonidine, methyldopa
b. prazosin
c. metoprolol
carvedilol, propranolol, labetalol
d. Lisinopril
e.  losartan
f. aliskiren
A

e. losartan

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6
Q 
•Direct Renin Inhibitor
a. clonidine, methyldopa
b. prazosin
c. metoprolol
carvedilol, propranolol, labetalol
d. Lisinopril
e.  losartan
f. aliskiren
A

f. aliskiren

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7
Q 
.Sympathetic Nervous System
a. clonidine, methyldopa
b. prazosin
c. metoprolol
carvedilol, propranolol, labetalol
d. Lisinopril
e.  losartan
f. aliskiren
A

a. clonidine, methyldopa
b. prazosin
c. metoprolol
carvedilol, propranolol, labetalol

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8
Q

2.Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS)
a. clonidine, methyldopa
b. prazosin
c. metoprolol
carvedilol, propranolol, labetalol
d. Lisinopril
e. losartan
f. aliskiren

A

d. Lisinopril
e. losartan
f. aliskiren

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9
Q 
USED TO TREAT
◦ MAIN USE #1: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)
a. clonidine, methyldopa
b. prazosin
c. metoprolol
carvedilol, propranolol, labetalol
d. Lisinopril
e.  losartan
f. aliskiren
A

b. prazosin

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10
Q 
USED TO TREAT
◦ MAIN USE # 2: Bladder Outlet Obstruction (kidney
stones!)
a. clonidine, methyldopa
b. prazosin
c. metoprolol
carvedilol, propranolol, labetalol
d. Lisinopril
e.  losartan
f. aliskiren
A

b. prazosin

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11
Q

• defined as a fall in blood pressure brought on by moving from a supine
or seated position to an upright position

a. ORTHOSTATIC/POSTURAL HYPOTENSION
b. REFLEX TACHYCARDIA

A

a. ORTHOSTATIC/POSTURAL HYPOTENSION

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12
Q

◦ Caused by dilation of arteries/veins (sudden drop in BP)

a. ORTHOSTATIC/POSTURAL HYPOTENSION
b. REFLEX TACHYCARDIA

A

b. REFLEX TACHYCARDIA

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13
Q 
ADVERSE EFFECTS
◦ First dose Orthostatic (postural) hypotension
◦ Reflex tachycardia
◦ Sexual dysfunction 
◦ Rebound hypertension 
a. clonidine, methyldopa
b. prazosin
c. metoprolol
carvedilol, propranolol, labetalol
A

b. prazosin

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14
Q

ADMINISTRATION:
◦ Common to see this drug class given at bedtime to reduce
risk for postural/orthostatic hypotension
a. clonidine, methyldopa
b. prazosin
c. metoprolol
carvedilol, propranolol, labetalol

A

b. prazosin

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15
Q 
NURSING PROCESS
ASSESSMENT- Check Blood pressure before giving
a. clonidine, methyldopa
b. prazosin
c. metoprolol
carvedilol, propranolol, labetalol
A

b. prazosin

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16
Q 
NURSING PROCESS
PLAN/IMPLEMENTATION- Educate about sexual dysfunction, “first dose phenomenon”,
never stop suddenly
a. clonidine, methyldopa
b. prazosin
c. metoprolol
carvedilol, propranolol, labetalol
A

b. prazosin

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17
Q 
NURSING PROCESS
EVALUATION- Increased Urine Output, relief of retention symptoms, lower Blood
Pressure
a. clonidine, methyldopa
b. prazosin
c. metoprolol
carvedilol, propranolol, labetalol
A

b. prazosin

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18
Q 
NURSING PROCESS
Orthostatic hypotension/reflex tachycardia
a. clonidine, methyldopa
b. prazosin
c. metoprolol
carvedilol, propranolol, labetalol
A

b. prazosin

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19
Q 
ADMINISTRATION
Patients often times take at bedtime to avoid the “first dose” phenomenon
a. clonidine, methyldopa
b. prazosin
c. metoprolol
carvedilol, propranolol, labetalol
A

b. prazosin

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20
Q 
USED TO TREAT: 
ADHD, Pain Management (epidurals)
a. clonidine, methyldopa
b. prazosin
c. metoprolol
carvedilol, propranolol, labetalol
A

clonidine

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21
Q 
USED TO TREAT: 
◦ Withdrawal- Substance Use Disorders
a. clonidine, methyldopa
b. prazosin
c. metoprolol
carvedilol, propranolol, labetalol
A

clonidine

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22
Q 
USED TO TREAT: 
◦ Symptoms of Withdrawal- Opioid Withdrawal
a. clonidine, methyldopa
b. prazosin
c. metoprolol
carvedilol, propranolol, labetalol
A

clonidine

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23
Q 
USED TO TREAT: 
- Used for Hypertension in pregnancy
a. clonidine, methyldopa
b. prazosin
c. metoprolol
carvedilol, propranolol, labetalol
A

methyldopa

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24
Q 
ADVERSE EFFECTS:
◦ Drowsiness/CNS Depressant
◦ Dry Mouth
◦ Rebound Hypertension 
◦ Orthostatic Hypotension
a. clonidine, methyldopa
b. prazosin
c. metoprolol
carvedilol, propranolol, labetalol
A

a. clonidine, methyldopa

25
Q 
NURSING CONSIDERATIONS:
◦ Reassure clients that dry mouth usually resolves in 2 to 4 weeks.
a. clonidine, methyldopa
b. prazosin
c. metoprolol
carvedilol, propranolol, labetalol
A

a. clonidine, methyldopa

26
Q 
◦ Encourage clients to chew gum or suck on hard candy, and to take small
amounts of water or ice chips.
a. clonidine, methyldopa
b. prazosin
c. metoprolol
carvedilol, propranolol, labetalol
A

a. clonidine, methyldopa

27
Q

a. clonidine, methyldopa
NURSING CONSIDERATIONS:
◦ Reassure clients that dry mouth usually resolves in ? to ? weeks.

A

2 to 4

28
Q 
is a tablet
◦ Used daily and PRN
a. clonidine, methyldopa
b. prazosin
c. metoprolol
carvedilol, propranolol, labetalol
A

clonidine

29
Q 
is a Patch
◦ once weekly patch
a. clonidine, methyldopa
b. prazosin
c. metoprolol
carvedilol, propranolol, labetalol
A

clonidine

30
Q 
Adverse Side effect 
◦ Dry Mouth
a. clonidine, methyldopa
b. prazosin
c. metoprolol
carvedilol, propranolol, labetalol
A

a. clonidine, methyldopa

31
Q

Which it true to APPLY to clonidine patch
◦ Hairless part of body
◦ Intact skin
◦ Clean with soap and water (Not Alcohol!)
Clean with soap and water
◦ (With Alcohol!)

A

◦ Hairless part of body
◦ Intact skin
◦ Clean with soap and water (Not Alcohol!)

32
Q 
◦ Prevent glycogenolysisin liver (further hypoglycemia)
a. clonidine, methyldopa
b. prazosin
c. metoprolol
carvedilol, propranolol, labetalol
A

c. metoprolol

carvedilol, propranolol, labetalol

33
Q 
Ischemic Heart Disease
a. clonidine, methyldopa
b. prazosin
c. metoprolol
carvedilol, propranolol, labetalol
A

c. metoprolol

carvedilol, propranolol, labetalol

34
Q 
Make sure to educate about sexual dysfunction
a. clonidine, methyldopa
b. prazosin
c. metoprolol
carvedilol, propranolol, labetalol
A

c. metoprolol

carvedilol, propranolol, labetalol

35
Q

COUNSELLING POINT: Patients should immediately report a weight
gain of 2 lb or more in 1 day or 5 lb or more in 1 week (WEIGH
DAILY)
a. clonidine, methyldopa
b. prazosin
c. metoprolol
carvedilol, propranolol, labetalol

A

c. metoprolol

carvedilol, propranolol, labetalol

36
Q 
SUDDEN STOPPAGE- MAY CAUSE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
a. clonidine, methyldopa
b. prazosin
c. metoprolol
carvedilol, propranolol, labetalol
A

c. metoprolol

carvedilol, propranolol, labetalol

37
Q

ACE-Inhibitors, the “?”

prils
sartans
Aliskiren

A

prils

38
Q

Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBS), the “?”
prils
sartans
Aliskiren

A

sartans

39
Q

Direct Renin Inhibitor (DRI)s, only one out,?
prils
sartans
Aliskiren

A

Aliskiren

40
Q
  • Decreased aldosterone release
  • Decreased vasoconstriction
  • Decreases Preload and Afterload (SVR)
    d. Lisinopril
    e. losartan
    f. aliskiren
A

d. Lisinopril
e. losartan
f. aliskiren

41
Q 
ADVERSE EFFECTS
◦ Hyperkalemia
◦ Chronic, non-productive cough
◦ Angioedema
d. Lisinopril
e.  losartan
f. aliskiren
A

d. Lisinopril
e. losartan
f. aliskiren

42
Q 
ADVERSE EFFECTS
Bradykinin retention
◦ Very serious and can be fatal
d. Lisinopril
e.  losartan
f. aliskiren
A

d. Lisinopril

43
Q 
– BOXED WARNING:
• Drugs that work on the RAAS can cause
injury and death to a developing fetus
d. Lisinopril
e.  losartan
f. aliskiren
A

d. Lisinopril
e. losartan
f. aliskiren

44
Q

Not recommended in pregnancy (class C in 1st
trimester and class D in 2nd/3rd trimester)
d. Lisinopril
e. losartan
f. aliskiren

A

d. Lisinopril
e. losartan
f. aliskiren

45
Q 
First dose orthostatic hypotension
– Monitor blood pressure for 2 hr after initiation of
treatment.
d. Lisinopril
e.  losartan
f. aliskiren
A

d. Lisinopril
e. losartan
f. aliskiren

46
Q 
◦ Rash- report!
◦ Altered Taste!
◦ Neutropenia
d. Lisinopril
e.  losartan
f. aliskiren
A

d. Lisinopril

47
Q

◦ Neutropenia

d. Lisinopril
e. losartan
f. aliskiren

A

d. Lisinopril

48
Q

◦ Rash- report!

d. Lisinopril
e. losartan
f. aliskiren

A

d. Lisinopril

49
Q

◦ Altered Taste!

d. Lisinopril
e. losartan
f. aliskiren

A

d. Lisinopril

50
Q

RAS?

d. Lisinopril
e. losartan
f. aliskiren

A

d. Lisinopril

51
Q 
DRUG INTERACTIONS
◦ Hyperkalemia
d. Lisinopril
e.  losartan
f. aliskiren
A

d. Lisinopril
e. losartan
f. aliskiren

52
Q 
DRUG INTERACTIONS
◦ Additive Hypotensive Effect (especially with diuretics)
d. Lisinopril
e.  losartan
f. aliskiren
A

d. Lisinopril
e. losartan
f. aliskiren

53
Q 
DRUG INTERACTIONS
◦ Lithium can accumulate, potential for toxicity
d. Lisinopril
e.  losartan
f. aliskiren
A

d. Lisinopril
e. losartan
f. aliskiren

54
Q 
DRUG INTERACTIONS
◦ COX Inhibitors/NSAIDs
◦ use can decrease effectiveness
◦ increase risk for AKI
d. Lisinopril
e.  losartan
f. aliskiren
A

d. Lisinopril
e. losartan
f. aliskiren

55
Q 
NURSING CONSIDERATIONS
Avoid potassium supplements (+ Salt
substitutes)
d. Lisinopril
e.  losartan
f. aliskiren
A

d. Lisinopril
e. losartan
f. aliskiren

56
Q 
MECHANISM OF ACTION
◦ blocks the binding of angiotensin II
d. Lisinopril
e.  losartan
f. aliskiren
A

e. losartan

57
Q 
Used to Treat
HTN
Post- MI
Heart Failure
d. Lisinopril
e.  losartan
f. aliskiren
A

d. Lisinopril
e. losartan
f. aliskiren

58
Q

Kidney Injury, Sexual dysfunction

d. Lisinopril
e. losartan
f. aliskiren

A

d. Lisinopril
e. losartan
f. aliskiren

59
Q 
MECHANISM OF ACTION
◦ direct renin inhibitor, resulting in blockade of the conversion of angiotensinogen to
angiotensin I
d. Lisinopril
e.  losartan
f. aliskiren
A

f. aliskiren

Phamacology Summer (48 decks)

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