Acid Controlling Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Antacids

a. calcium carbonate (Tums), Aluminum Hydroxide, Magnesium Hydroxide
b. cimetidine
c. ranitidine
d. omeprazole
e. Sucralfate (Carafate)
f. Misoprostol
h. Simethicone ▪Bismuth
i. subsalicylate

A

a. calcium carbonate (Tums), Aluminum Hydroxide, Magnesium Hydroxide

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2
Q
H2RA's (Histamine2 Receptor
Antagonists)
a. calcium carbonate (Tums), Aluminum Hydroxide, Magnesium Hydroxide
b. cimetidine 
c. ranitidine
d. omeprazole
e. Sucralfate (Carafate) 
f. Misoprostol
h. Simethicone ▪Bismuth 
i. subsalicylate
A

b. cimetidine

c. ranitidine

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3
Q

Proton Pump Inhibitors

a. calcium carbonate (Tums), Aluminum Hydroxide, Magnesium Hydroxide
b. cimetidine
c. ranitidine
d. omeprazole
e. Sucralfate (Carafate)
f. Misoprostol
h. Simethicone ▪Bismuth
i. subsalicylate

A

d. omeprazole

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4
Q

◦ Anti-Ulcer Agents

a. calcium carbonate (Tums), Aluminum Hydroxide, Magnesium Hydroxide
b. cimetidine
c. ranitidine
d. omeprazole
e. Sucralfate (Carafate)
f. Misoprostol
h. Simethicone ▪Bismuth
i. subsalicylate

A

e. Sucralfate (Carafate)

f. Misoprostol

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5
Q

REMEMBER- NSAIDS, Anticoagulants, Anti-platelets are contra- indicated in PUD! Alcohol, Smoking, Steroids!

A

ok

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6
Q

Antacids are usually NOT administered simultaneously with other medications, or even within ? hours of other medications

A

Antacids are usually NOT administered simultaneously with other medications, or even within 1-2 hours of other medications

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7
Q

Many antacid combinations include simethicone. Know simethicone (Gas-X). This reduces surface tension of gas bubbles

a. calcium carbonate (Tums), Aluminum Hydroxide, Magnesium Hydroxide
b. cimetidine
c. ranitidine
d. omeprazole
e. Sucralfate (Carafate)
f. Misoprostol
h. Simethicone ▪Bismuth
i. subsalicylate

A

Simethicone

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8
Q

? believed help bind growth factors to injured mucosa

a. calcium carbonate (Tums), Aluminum Hydroxide, Magnesium Hydroxide

A

Aluminum

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9
Q

◦ Can be used in CKD to treat hyperphosphatemia

a. calcium carbonate (Tums), Aluminum Hydroxide, Magnesium Hydroxide

A

Aluminum

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10
Q

Commonly cause diarrhea

a. calcium carbonate (Tums), Aluminum Hydroxide, Magnesium Hydroxide

A

Magnesium Hydroxide

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11
Q

CONTRA-INDICATION: Dangerous when used with renal failure; the failing kidney cannot excrete extra magnesium, resulting in accumulation

a. calcium carbonate (Tums), Aluminum Hydroxide, Magnesium Hydroxide

A

Magnesium Hydroxide

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12
Q

May cause:
◦ Constipation
a. calcium carbonate (Tums), Aluminum Hydroxide, Magnesium Hydroxide

A

calcium carbonate (Tums), Aluminum

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13
Q

May cause:
◦ Kidney stones
a. calcium carbonate (Tums), Aluminum Hydroxide, Magnesium Hydroxide

A

calcium

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14
Q

May cause:
◦ Milk Alkali Syndrome (don’t give with milk!)
a. calcium carbonate (Tums), Aluminum Hydroxide, Magnesium Hydroxide

A

calcium

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15
Q

May cause:
◦ Rebound Hypersecretion of Acid
a. calcium carbonate (Tums), Aluminum Hydroxide, Magnesium Hydroxide

A

calcium

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16
Q

UNIQUE PROFILE
◦ Long duration of acid action—may cause increased gastric acid secretion (hyperacidity rebound)
a. calcium carbonate (Tums), Aluminum Hydroxide, Magnesium Hydroxide
Sodium Bicarbonate

A

calcium

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17
Q

? content may cause problems in patients with heart failure (HF), hypertension, or renal insufficiency.
a. calcium carbonate (Tums), Aluminum Hydroxide, Magnesium Hydroxide
Sodium Bicarbonate

A

Sodium Bicarbonate

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18
Q

◦ May cause metabolic alkalosis
a. calcium carbonate (Tums), Aluminum Hydroxide, Magnesium Hydroxide
Sodium Bicarbonate

A

Sodium Bicarbonate

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19
Q

Highly soluble
◦ Buffers the acidic properties of HCl
a. calcium carbonate (Tums), Aluminum Hydroxide, Magnesium Hydroxide
Sodium Bicarbonate

A

Sodium Bicarbonate

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20
Q

◦ Quick onset but short duration
a. calcium carbonate (Tums), Aluminum Hydroxide, Magnesium Hydroxide
Sodium Bicarbonate

A

Sodium Bicarbonate

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21
Q

Constipation:

a. calcium carbonate (Tums), Aluminum Hydroxide, Magnesium Hydroxide
Sodium Bicarbonate

A

Aluminum/Calcium

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22
Q

Diarrhea:

a. calcium carbonate (Tums), Aluminum Hydroxide, Magnesium Hydroxide
Sodium Bicarbonate

A

Magnesium

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23
Q

Kidneys: Avoid

a. calcium carbonate (Tums), Aluminum Hydroxide, Magnesium Hydroxide
Sodium Bicarbonate

A

Magnesium!

24
Q

Heart Failure: Avoid any that have

a. calcium carbonate (Tums), Aluminum Hydroxide, Magnesium Hydroxide
Sodium Bicarbonate

A

SODIUM (Sodium Bicarb)

25
Q

? is given for CKD (hyperphosphatemia)

a. calcium carbonate (Tums), Aluminum Hydroxide, Magnesium Hydroxide
Sodium Bicarbonate

A

Aluminum

26
Q
USED TO TREAT:
▪Gas Pain
b. cimetidine 
c. ranitidine
d. omeprazole
e. Sucralfate (Carafate) 
f. Misoprostol
h. Simethicone ▪Bismuth 
i. subsalicylate
A

Simethicone

27
Q

Anti-Androgen

b. cimetidine
c. ranitidine

A

b. cimetidine

28
Q

▪ Liver Enzyme Inhibition

b. cimetidine
c. ranitidine

A

b. cimetidine

29
Q

▪ Cleaned up version (no androgen/liver issues)

b. cimetidine
c. ranitidine

A

c. ranitidine

30
Q

ADVERSE EFFECTS:
▪Can accumulate in renal impairment
b. cimetidine
c. ranitidine

A

Both

31
Q

▪Change pH in the gut

b. cimetidine
c. ranitidine

A

Both

32
Q

KIDNEY DISEASE/GERIATRICS:

b. cimetidine
c. ranitidine

A

Both

33
Q

PH CHANGE IN GI TRACT:

b. cimetidine
c. ranitidine

A

Both

34
Q

educate patients to notify prescriber of foul smelling/greenish diarrhea

b. cimetidine
c. ranitidine

A

Both

35
Q

ANTI-ANDROGEN:
may induce impotence and gynecomastia.
b. cimetidine
c. ranitidine

A

b. cimetidine

36
Q

ENZYME INHIBITOR
interacts with many drugs- caution with other drugs
b. cimetidine
c. ranitidine

A

b. cimetidine

37
Q

Thrombocytopenia and Hepatotoxicity

b. cimetidine
c. ranitidine

A

c. ranitidine

38
Q

Administration- H2RAs and antacids should be administered at least ? hours apart

A

Administration- H2RAs and antacids should be administered at least 1-2 hours apart

39
Q
USED TO TREAT:
Stress Ulcer Prophylaxis (SUP)
d. omeprazole
e. Sucralfate (Carafate) 
f. Misoprostol
h. Simethicone ▪Bismuth 
i. subsalicylate
A

d. omeprazole

40
Q
ADVERSE EFFECTS 
◦ diarrhea
◦ Change in gut pH
d. omeprazole
e. Sucralfate (Carafate) 
f. Misoprostol
h. Simethicone ▪Bismuth 
i. subsalicylate
A

d. omeprazole

41
Q
Change in absorption of electrolytes
▪long term –hypomagnesemia
▪Long term- hypocalcemia
◦ Fractures and Osteoporosis (due to hypocalcemia)
d. omeprazole
e. Sucralfate (Carafate) 
f. Misoprostol
h. Simethicone ▪Bismuth 
i. subsalicylate
A

d. omeprazole

42
Q

Monitor for long term treatment complications: ▪Osteoporosis (Vitamin D + Calcium intake) ▪Pneumonia/C.Diff (patients monitor S/S)

d. omeprazole
e. Sucralfate (Carafate)
f. Misoprostol
h. Simethicone ▪Bismuth
i. subsalicylate

A

d. omeprazole

43
Q

omeprazole
ADMINISTRATION:
◦ Patients should take first thing in the morning, ? minutes before their first meal

A

ADMINISTRATION:

◦ Patients should take first thing in the morning, 30 minutes before their first meal

44
Q

“BAND AID BARRIER”

e. Sucralfate (Carafate)
f. Misoprostol
h. Simethicone ▪Bismuth
i. subsalicylate

A

e. Sucralfate (Carafate)

45
Q

▪May bind other drugs

e. Sucralfate (Carafate)
f. Misoprostol
h. Simethicone
i. Bismuth subsalicylate

A

e. Sucralfate (Carafate)

46
Q

Sucralfate

Separate administration of other drugs ? hours before/after)

A

Separate administration of other drugs (2 hours before/after)

47
Q
USED TO TREAT:
▪Diarrhea (traveler’s diarrhea) ▪ Indigestion/Heartburn
e. Sucralfate (Carafate) 
f. Misoprostol
h. Simethicone 
i. Bismuth subsalicylate
A

i. Bismuth subsalicylate

48
Q

component has bactericidal properties

e. Sucralfate (Carafate)
f. Misoprostol
h. Simethicone
i. Bismuth subsalicylate

A

i. Bismuth

49
Q

component may act as anti-inflammatory

e. Sucralfate (Carafate)
f. Misoprostol
h. Simethicone
i. Bismuth subsalicylate

A

subsalicylate

50
Q
ADVERSE EFFECTS:
▪May stain tongue, bowel movements green/black
e. Sucralfate (Carafate) 
f. Misoprostol
h. Simethicone 
i. Bismuth subsalicylate
A

i. Bismuth subsalicylate

51
Q
USED TO TREAT
Promotes Cervical Ripening (Labor
Induction)
e. Sucralfate (Carafate) 
f. Misoprostol
h. Simethicone 
i. Bismuth subsalicylate
A

f. Misoprostol

52
Q
USED TO TREAT
Treat Postpartum Hemorrhage
e. Sucralfate (Carafate) 
f. Misoprostol
h. Simethicone 
i. Bismuth subsalicylate
A

f. Misoprostol

53
Q
USED TO TREAT
Can be used for termination of Pregnancy (we will discuss more in L&D section)
e. Sucralfate (Carafate) 
f. Misoprostol
h. Simethicone 
i. Bismuth subsalicylate
A

f. Misoprostol

54
Q
MECHANISM OF ACTION:
Prostaglandin analog- suppress stomach acid
e. Sucralfate (Carafate) 
f. Misoprostol
h. Simethicone 
i. Bismuth subsalicylate
A

f. Misoprostol

55
Q

Pregnancy Category X

e. Sucralfate (Carafate)
f. Misoprostol
h. Simethicone
i. Bismuth subsalicylate

A

f. Misoprostol