Pain Management Part 2: Non-Opioids Flashcards
NSAIDS
-Aspirin
-(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin,
diclofenac
-Acetaminophen (APAP))
-Celecoxib
-Acetylcysteine
-Feverfew
-Glucosamine + Chondroitin
Aspirin
-(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin,
diclofenac
-Celecoxib
First Generation NSAIDS
Second Generation NSAIDS
-Aspirin
-(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin,
diclofenac
-Acetaminophen (APAP))
-Celecoxib
-Acetylcysteine
-Feverfew
-Glucosamine + Chondroitin
First
-(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin,
diclofenac
Second
-Celecoxib
Herbals
-Aspirin
-(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin,
diclofenac
-Acetaminophen (APAP))
-Celecoxib
-Acetylcysteine
-Feverfew
-Glucosamine + Chondroitin
- Feverfew
- Glucosamine + Chondroitin
SALICYLATES/IRREVERSIBLE
-Aspirin
-(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin,
diclofenac
-Acetaminophen (APAP))
-Celecoxib
-Acetylcysteine
-Feverfew
-Glucosamine + Chondroitin
-Aspirin
REVERSIBLE
-Aspirin
-(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin,
diclofenac
-Acetaminophen (APAP))
-Celecoxib
-Acetylcysteine
-Feverfew
-Glucosamine + Chondroitin
-(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin,
diclofenac
-Celecoxib
REVERSIBLE
-Aspirin
-(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin,
diclofenac
-Acetaminophen (APAP))
-Celecoxib
-Acetylcysteine
-Feverfew
-Glucosamine + Chondroitin
-(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin,
diclofenac
-Celecoxib
USED TO TREAT
for MI/stroke reduction (prevention of clots)
-Aspirin
-(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin,
diclofenac
-Acetaminophen (APAP))
-Celecoxib
-Acetylcysteine
-Feverfew
-Glucosamine + Chondroitin
-Aspirin
USED TO TREAT
If you take ? w/ibuprofen, you lose the cardio protective benefit
-Aspirin
-(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin,
diclofenac
-Acetaminophen (APAP))
-Celecoxib
-Acetylcysteine
-Feverfew
-Glucosamine + Chondroitin
ASA
-Aspirin
USED TO TREAT
PRN or frequent Aspirin dosing (every 4-6 hours)
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Osteoarthritis
Joint pain, swelling, inflammation (arthritis, tendonitis, bursitis, etc.)
Fever
-Aspirin
-(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin,
diclofenac
-Acetaminophen (APAP))
-Celecoxib
-Acetylcysteine
-Feverfew
-Glucosamine + Chondroitin
-Aspirin
MECHANISM OF ACTION:
Half life of aspirin is ~20 minutes
-Aspirin
-(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin,
diclofenac
-Acetaminophen (APAP))
-Celecoxib
-Acetylcysteine
-Feverfew
-Glucosamine + Chondroitin
-Aspirin
MECHANISM OF ACTION: -Aspirin
Half life of aspirin is ~ ? minutes
20
Adverse Reaction
Bleeding
Inhibition of platelets (thromboxane A2)
-Aspirin
-(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin,
diclofenac
-Acetaminophen (APAP))
-Celecoxib
-Acetylcysteine
-Feverfew
-Glucosamine + Chondroitin
-Aspirin
Adverse Reaction
Gastric distress, heartburn, nausea
-Aspirin
-(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin,
diclofenac
-Acetaminophen (APAP))
-Celecoxib
-Acetylcysteine
-Feverfew
-Glucosamine + Chondroitin
-Aspirin
Adverse Reaction
Gastric bleeding / ulceration
-Aspirin
-(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin,
diclofenac
-Acetaminophen (APAP))
-Celecoxib
-Acetylcysteine
-Feverfew
-Glucosamine + Chondroitin
-Aspirin
Adverse Reaction
Renal impairment
-Aspirin
-(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin,
diclofenac
-Acetaminophen (APAP))
-Celecoxib
-Acetylcysteine
-Feverfew
-Glucosamine + Chondroitin
-Aspirin
Adverse Reaction
Reye syndrome
(avoid in
12
-Aspirin
ASA=
-Aspirin
-(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin,
diclofenac
-Acetaminophen (APAP))
-Celecoxib
-Acetylcysteine
-Feverfew
-Glucosamine + Chondroitin
-Aspirin
Acetyl salicylic acid=
-Aspirin
-(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin,
diclofenac
-Acetaminophen (APAP))
-Celecoxib
-Acetylcysteine
-Feverfew
-Glucosamine + Chondroitin
-Aspirin
A sthma S alicylism poisoning (N/V/D, breathing) P remature closing of PDA/Platelet disaggregation/ Peptic Ulcer Disease I ntestinal bleeding R eye Syndrome/Ringing in the ears/Renal Impairment/rapid breathing I diosyncratic Reaction N oise (Tinnitus)/Nephropathy
-Aspirin
-(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin,
diclofenac
-Acetaminophen (APAP))
-Celecoxib
-Acetylcysteine
-Feverfew
-Glucosamine + Chondroi
-Aspirin
A sthma S alicylism poisoning (N/V/D, breathing) P remature closing of PDA/Platelet disaggregation/ Peptic Ulcer Disease I ntestinal bleeding R eye Syndrome/Ringing in the ears/Renal Impairment/rapid breathing I diosyncratic Reaction N oise (Tinnitus)/Nephropathy
-Aspirin
-(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin,
diclofenac
-Acetaminophen (APAP))
-Celecoxib
-Acetylcysteine
-Feverfew
-Glucosamine + Chondroi
-Aspirin
-(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin,
diclofenac
-Celecoxib
Which affect aspirin?
DRUG-DRUG Interactions:
- Increased risk for bleeding- watch out with “blood thinners” like warfarin/heparin.
- Steroids can hurt GI tract (risk for ulcer/bleed)
- Smoking/Alcohol can increase risk for bleeding
- Other NSAIDs!
All
Administration
- Take with food/liquids
- Can use enteric coated tablets to protect the stomach
-Aspirin
-(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin,
diclofenac
-Acetaminophen (APAP))
-Celecoxib
-Acetylcysteine
-Feverfew
-Glucosamine + Chondroi
-Aspirin
Which affect aspirin & ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin, diclofenac, & Celecoxib
DRUG-DRUG Interactions:
- Increased risk for bleeding- watch out with “blood thinners” like warfarin/heparin.
- Steroids can hurt GI tract (risk for ulcer/bleed)
- Smoking/Alcohol can increase risk for bleeding
- Other NSAIDs!
All
Administration
- Take with food/liquids
- Can use enteric coated tablets to protect the stomach
-Aspirin
-(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin,
diclofenac
-Acetaminophen (APAP))
-Celecoxib
-Acetylcysteine
-Feverfew
-Glucosamine + Chondroi
-Aspirin
Used to treat Joint pain, swelling, inflammation (arthritis, tendinitis, bursitis, etc. -Aspirin -(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin, diclofenac -Acetaminophen (APAP)) -Celecoxib -Acetylcysteine -Feverfew -Glucosamine + Chondroi
-(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin,
diclofenac
-Celecoxib
Fever
Mild – moderate pain
-Aspirin
-(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin,
diclofenac
-Acetaminophen (APAP))
-Celecoxib
-Acetylcysteine
-Feverfew
-Glucosamine + Chondroi
-(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin,
diclofenac
-Celecoxib
Remember these are DIFFERENT FROM ASPIRIN!
-Aspirin
-(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin,
diclofenac
-Acetaminophen (APAP))
-Celecoxib
-Acetylcysteine
-Feverfew
-Glucosamine + Chondroi
-(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin,
diclofenac
-Celecoxib
MECHANISM OF ACTION:
Reversibly inhibit both COX-I and COX-II pathways-
Stops prostaglandin production in both
Reduces pain, inflammation, fever
-Aspirin
-(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin,
diclofenac
-Acetaminophen (APAP))
-Celecoxib
-Acetylcysteine
-Feverfew
-Glucosamine + Chondroi
-(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin,
diclofenac
ADVERSE EFFECTS:
GI effects, bleeding
?- max of ? days usage!
-Aspirin
-(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin,
diclofenac
-Acetaminophen (APAP))
-Celecoxib
-Acetylcysteine
-Feverfew
-Glucosamine + Chondroi
-(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin, diclofenac -Celecoxib Ketorolac 5
ADVERSE EFFECTS:
Increased blood pressure (MI/Stroke)
-Aspirin
-(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin,
diclofenac
-Acetaminophen (APAP))
-Celecoxib
-Acetylcysteine
-Feverfew
-Glucosamine + Chondroi
-(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin,
diclofenac
-Celecoxib
Renal impairment (potential for AKI)
-Aspirin
-(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin,
diclofenac
-Acetaminophen (APAP))
-Celecoxib
-Acetylcysteine
-Feverfew
-Glucosamine + Chondroi
-(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin,
diclofenac
Not to be used in heart failure (sodium/fluid retention)
-Aspirin
-(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin,
diclofenac
-Acetaminophen (APAP))
-Celecoxib
-Acetylcysteine
-Feverfew
-Glucosamine + Chondroi
-(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin,
diclofenac
-Celecoxib
Remember ? is the unique exception that protects from heart attack and stroke -Aspirin -(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin, diclofenac -Acetaminophen (APAP)) -Celecoxib -Acetylcysteine -Feverfew -Glucosamine + Chondroi
aspirin
MI/Stroke Concerns -Aspirin -(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin, diclofenac -Acetaminophen (APAP)) -Celecoxib -Acetylcysteine -Feverfew -Glucosamine + Chondroi
-(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin,
diclofenac
-Celecoxib
Not ideal in hx of MI or HTN -Aspirin -(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin, diclofenac -Acetaminophen (APAP)) -Celecoxib -Acetylcysteine -Feverfew -Glucosamine + Chondroi
-(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin,
diclofenac
Two Boxed Warnings:
Increased risk for thrombotic events (except?)
Increased risk for GI Bleeding, Ulcers
-Aspirin
-(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin,
diclofenac
-Acetaminophen (APAP))
-Celecoxib
-Acetylcysteine
-Feverfew
-Glucosamine + Chondroi
-(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin,
diclofenac
-Celecoxib
Except -ASA
Drug intraction
- Increased risk for bleeding- watch out with “blood thinners” like warfarin/heparin.
- Steroids can hurt GI tract (risk for ulcer/bleed)
- Smoking/Alcohol can increase risk for bleeding
- Other NSAIDs!
-Aspirin
-(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin,
diclofenac
-Acetaminophen (APAP))
-Celecoxib
-Acetylcysteine
-Feverfew
-Glucosamine + Chondroi
-Aspirin
-(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin,
diclofenac
-Celecoxib
Fluid Retention Concerns due to sodiam accumenlation
Avoid in heart failure patients
-Aspirin
-(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin,
diclofenac
-Acetaminophen (APAP))
-Celecoxib
-Acetylcysteine
-Feverfew
-Glucosamine + Chondroi
-Aspirin
-(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin,
diclofenac
-Celecoxib
Take with food/liquids -Aspirin -(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin, diclofenac -Acetaminophen (APAP)) -Celecoxib -Acetylcysteine -Feverfew -Glucosamine + Chondroi
-(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin,
diclofenac
-Celecoxib
Avoid salicylates in children (this includes Pepto-Bismol!) -Aspirin -(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin, diclofenac -Acetaminophen (APAP)) -Celecoxib -Acetylcysteine -Feverfew -Glucosamine + Chondroi
-Aspirin
Boxed Warnings: Cardiac Risk! GI toxicity! -Aspirin -(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin, diclofenac -Acetaminophen (APAP)) -Celecoxib -Acetylcysteine -Feverfew -Glucosamine + Chondroi
-Celecoxib
Boxed Warnings: Cardiac Risk! -Aspirin -(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin, diclofenac -Acetaminophen (APAP)) -Celecoxib -Acetylcysteine -Feverfew -Glucosamine + Chondroi
-Celecoxib
Boxed Warnings: GI toxicity! -Aspirin -(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin, diclofenac -Acetaminophen (APAP)) -Celecoxib -Acetylcysteine -Feverfew -Glucosamine + Chondroi
-Celecoxib
Selective blockade of cyclooxygenase 2 enzyme -Aspirin -(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin, diclofenac -Acetaminophen (APAP)) -Celecoxib -Acetylcysteine -Feverfew -Glucosamine + Chondroi
-Celecoxib
Aviod - Sulfa-Allergy -Aspirin -(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin, diclofenac -Acetaminophen (APAP)) -Celecoxib -Acetylcysteine -Feverfew -Glucosamine + Chondroi
-Celecoxib
USED TO TREAT: Pain or Fever -Aspirin -(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin, diclofenac -Acetaminophen (APAP)) -Celecoxib -Acetylcysteine -Feverfew -Glucosamine + Chondroi
-Acetaminophen (APAP))
ADVERSE EFFECTS: Extremely rare at therapeutic dosages NO gastric ulceration, renal impairment, bleeding compared to NSAIDS! -Aspirin -(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin, diclofenac -Acetaminophen (APAP)) -Celecoxib -Acetylcysteine -Feverfew -Glucosamine + Chondroi
-Acetaminophen (APAP))
Liver toxicity / damage -Aspirin -(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin, diclofenac -Acetaminophen (APAP)) -Celecoxib -Acetylcysteine -Feverfew -Glucosamine + Chondroi
-Acetaminophen (APAP))
Do not exceed 1000 mg/dose -Aspirin -(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin, diclofenac -Acetaminophen (APAP)) -Celecoxib -Acetylcysteine -Feverfew -Glucosamine + Chondroi
-Acetaminophen (APAP))
No anti-inflammatory properties! -Aspirin -(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin, diclofenac -Acetaminophen (APAP)) -Celecoxib -Acetylcysteine -Feverfew -Glucosamine + Chondroi
-Acetaminophen (APAP))
Tylenol, acetaminophen, paracetamol, APAP -Aspirin -(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin, diclofenac -Acetaminophen (APAP)) -Celecoxib -Acetylcysteine -Feverfew -Glucosamine + Chondroi
-Acetaminophen (APAP))
Patients may present ASYMPTOMATIC -Aspirin -(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin, diclofenac -Acetaminophen (APAP)) -Celecoxib -Acetylcysteine -Feverfew -Glucosamine + Chondroi
-Acetaminophen (APAP))
Present with = Diaphoresis, N/V/D -Aspirin -(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin, diclofenac -Acetaminophen (APAP)) -Celecoxib -Acetylcysteine -Feverfew -Glucosamine + Chondroi
-Acetaminophen (APAP))
ANTIDOTE: Acetylcysteine (Acetadote®) -Aspirin -(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin, diclofenac -Acetaminophen (APAP)) -Celecoxib -Acetylcysteine -Feverfew -Glucosamine + Chondroi
-Acetaminophen (APAP))
Inhaled version (Mucomyst) to thin secretions -Aspirin -(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin, diclofenac -Acetaminophen (APAP)) -Celecoxib -Acetylcysteine -Feverfew -Glucosamine + Chondroi
-Acetylcysteine
Can see used in lung diseases like cystic fibrosis and emphysema -Aspirin -(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin, diclofenac -Acetaminophen (APAP)) -Celecoxib -Acetylcysteine -Feverfew -Glucosamine + Chondroi
-Acetylcysteine
Protects Liver -Aspirin -(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin, diclofenac -Acetaminophen (APAP)) -Celecoxib -Acetylcysteine -Feverfew -Glucosamine + Chondroi
-Acetylcysteine
Oral Version (Cetylev)- Smells like rotten eggs -Aspirin -(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin, diclofenac -Acetaminophen (APAP)) -Celecoxib -Acetylcysteine -Feverfew -Glucosamine + Chondroi
-Acetylcysteine
Intravenous Version (Acetadote)-this is what we use for overdose -Aspirin -(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin, diclofenac -Acetaminophen (APAP)) -Celecoxib -Acetylcysteine -Feverfew -Glucosamine + Chondroi
-Acetylcysteine
Cardio-protective -Aspirin -(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin, diclofenac -Acetaminophen (APAP)) -Celecoxib -Acetylcysteine -Feverfew -Glucosamine + Chondroi
-Aspirin
dangerous for hx of cardiac disease -Aspirin -(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin, diclofenac -Acetaminophen (APAP)) -Celecoxib -Acetylcysteine -Feverfew -Glucosamine + Chondroi
-(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin,
diclofenac
-Celecoxib
Used to treat the pain of OA -Aspirin -(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin, diclofenac -Acetaminophen (APAP)) -Celecoxib -Acetylcysteine -Feverfew -Glucosamine + Chondroi
-Glucosamine + Chondroi
Adverse effects GI discomfort Drowsiness, headache, skin reactions (glucosamine) -Aspirin -(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin, diclofenac -Acetaminophen (APAP)) -Celecoxib -Acetylcysteine -Feverfew -Glucosamine + Chondroi
-Glucosamine + Chondroi
Drug interactions Enhances effects of warfarin -Aspirin -(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin, diclofenac -Acetaminophen (APAP)) -Celecoxib -Acetylcysteine -Feverfew -Glucosamine + Chondroi
-Glucosamine + Chondroi
Drug interactions May increase insulin resistance (glucosamine) -Aspirin -(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin, diclofenac -Acetaminophen (APAP)) -Celecoxib -Acetylcysteine -Feverfew -Glucosamine + Chondroi
-Glucosamine + Chondroi
Anti-inflammatory properties
- Feverfew
- Glucosamine + Chondroi
-Feverfew
Used to treat migraine headaches, menstrual cramps, inflammation, and fever -Aspirin -(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin, diclofenac -Acetaminophen (APAP)) -Celecoxib -Acetylcysteine -Feverfew -Glucosamine + Chondroi
-Feverfew
May cause GI distress, altered taste, muscle stiffness -Aspirin -(ibuprofen, ketorolac, naproxen, indomethacin, diclofenac -Acetaminophen (APAP)) -Celecoxib -Acetylcysteine -Feverfew -Glucosamine + Chondroi
-Feverfew
May interact with aspirin and other NSAIDs, as well as
anticoagulants
-Feverfew
-Glucosamine + Chondroi
-Feverfew
If you see an Herbal that starts with G or F, usually the concern is bleeding
risk if added with an anticoagulant like Warfarin
T or F
T