personality Flashcards
what is a personality
a unique psychological makeup
what is the nature, trait theory
personality= stable, innate and enduring
what is the nurture, social learning theory
developed by learning from others
what is a trait
innate characteristics we are born with
what is a problem with the trait theory- nature
personality change
how does personality change within situations
we can develop our personalities with experience. young players tend to be reckless but older are calm and focussed due to experience
how is behaviour learnt from significant others
by socialisation
what type of people do we learn from
people we hold in high esteem: role models, friends, parents, teachers
when do we copy
when it is positively reinforced
the social learning theory
observe—>identify—> reinforced—>copy
what is vicarious learning
observational, occurs when a person is motivated to learn by watching someone else’s work be rewarded
the interactionist perspective
theory which combines trait and social learning to predict behaviour in specific situation
what is the formula
B = f(P x E) ; behaviour is a function of personality and environment
what does change in environment mean
change in behaviour, because it is adapted to the environment
the hollander approach
personality made up of 3 features
1) the core = values & beliefs of individual
2) typical responses = use of inherent traits displayed to specific situations
3) role related behaviour = performer may adapt or adopt a very specific role when the situation demands
example of hollander approach
the core = hard working competitor
typical responses = loves to attack
role related behaviour = tight games they track back and defend more
what is the credulous approach
believe the theories. accept personality can predict behaviour
what is the sceptical approach
don’t believe the theories. doubt personality can predict behaviour
how can the interactionist perspective improve performance
coach could predict potential aggressive or unacceptable behaviour- they could remove the player before a sending off occurs
how to measure personality
questionnaire, observation, interview
advantages of questionnaire
efficient and quick
deals with lots of info
disadvantages of questionnaire
biased answers
misunderstand question
advantages of observation
true to life
during real game
disadvantages of observation
subjective
behaviour change when watched
advantages of interview
more depth
specific
disadvantages of interview
time
similar to questionnaire
