Bohr effect and blood redistribution

Question 1

vascular shunt mechanism

Answer 1

blood is required by the muscles in order to produce energy for movement. process of increasing blood flow to the working muscles

Question 2

vasodilation

Answer 2

the widening of the blood vessels to increase the flow of blood into the capillaries

Question 3

vasoconstriction

Answer 3

the narrowing of the blood vessels to reduce blood flow into the capillaries

Question 4

distribution of blood throw during exercise

Answer 4

-skeletal muscles require more oxygen so more blood needs to redirected to them in order to meet this increase in oxygen demand= vascular shunt mechanism.
-sports performers should ensure they do not eat less than an hour before exercise. full gut would result in more blood being directed to the stomach instead of muscles because less oxygen is available so negative effect on performance

Question 5

why must blood flow to the brain remain constant

Answer 5

to ensure brain function is maintained as the brain needs oxygen for energy

Question 6

why does more blood need to go to the heart

Answer 6

because the heart muscle needs oxygen for energy to beat faster and more blood goes to the skin because energy is needed to cool the body down

Question 7

what does the vasomotor centre control

Answer 7

both blood pressure and blood flow. located in the medulla oblongata

Question 8

what do the chemoreceptors detect during exercise

Answer 8

chemical changes such as increases in carbon dioxide and lactic acid.
-stimulate the vasomotor centre which will redistribute blood flow through vasodilation and vasoconstriction.

Question 9

what happens during exercise, vasodilation or vasoconstriction

Answer 9

more oxygen is needed so vasodilation will occur in the arterioles supplying these muscles, increasing blood flow and bringing in the much-needed oxygen, whereas vasoconstriction will occur in the arterioles supplying non-essential organs suc as the intestines and liver

Question 10

what else doe redirection of blood flow occur through

Answer 10

stimulation of sympathetic nerves located in the walls of the blood vessel. when sympathetic stimulation increases, vasoconstriction occurs and blood flow reduces

Question 11

what two factors cause the bohr shift

Answer 11

increase in carbon dioxide
increase in temperature