impact on cardiovascular system

Question 1

what is diastole

Answer 1

Term used to describe the relaxation phase of the cardiac cycle. The heart ventricles are relaxed and fill with blood

Question 2

what is systole

Answer 2

Term used to describe the contraction phase of the cardiac cycle - the ventricles contract and pump blood to the arteries

Question 3

what is Stroke Volume (SV)

Answer 3

The volume of blood that leaves the heart during each contraction

Question 4

what is Cardiac Output (Q)

Answer 4

The amount of blood the heart pumps out. Measured in litres per minute (L/min)

Question 5

what is the formula for cardiac output

Answer 5

Q = SV xHR

Question 6

what is Anticipatory Rise

Answer 6

Slight increase in heart rate usually before activity starts due to the expectation of exercise

Question 7

How does exercise and being fit improves your physical health

Answer 7

• Improves heart function
  -Improves the efficiency of the cardiovascular system
• Reduces the risk of illnesses such as diabetes
• Helps prevent the onset of obesity
• Reduces the chance of suffering injuries

Question 8

what is the pathway of blood

Answer 8

• venae cavae
• right atrium
• tricuspid
• right ventricle
• Pulmonary semilunar valve
• Pulmonary artery
• LUNGS to drop off CO2 and pick up O2
• Pulmonary Veins
• Left Atrium
• Bicuspid valve
• Left ventricle
• Aortic semilunar valve
• Aorta
• BODY

Question 9

why are trained individuals heart rate much lower than untrained individuals?

Answer 9

• cardiac muscle hypertrophy means muscle is bigger and stronger so can pump a larger volume of blood per beat therefore increasing stroke volume. increased size of chambers means larger stroke volume; the heart does not have to beat as many times to get the same amount of blood around the body as an untrained individual. they also have more red blood cells and more efficient gas exchange

Question 10

why are trained individuals heart rate much lower than untrained individuals?

Answer 10

• cardiac muscle hypertrophy means muscle is bigger and stronger so can pump a larger volume of blood per beat therefore increasing stroke volume. increased size of chambers means larger stroke volume; the heart does not have to beat as many times to get the same amount of blood around the body as an untrained individual. they also have more red blood cells and more efficient gas exchange