amateurism and professionalism

Question 1

why was there development of ngb’s

Answer 1

-sport becoming increasingly popular
-more teams and clubs formed
-more leagues are required
-more national and international fixtures
-nationally agreed rules codification
-maintainence of amateur ideal to deal with professionalism and early commercialisation of sport and desire to maintian control of sport among middle/upper class

Question 2

why did some ngb’s prevent professionals from competing in their sport

Answer 2

-due to desire of upper class/middle class to maintain control of sport
-preserve amateur ideal
-maintian exclusivity- dont mix upper and lower class
-pros didnt like losing to lower class

Question 3

amateur

Answer 3

a person who plays sport for the love of it with no financial gain

Question 4

professional

Answer 4

a person who plays sport for financial gain

Question 5

values of amateurism

Answer 5

manliness
appreciating value of health and fitness
appreciating value of rule regulated activity
high moral integrity

Question 6

characteristics of gentleman amateur

Answer 6

-respected member of society with a public school background, high status in sport
-belonging to the social elite, wealthy and plenty free time
-participation in sport wa viewed as a character building exercise
-playing a range of sports using their natural talents
-playing sports to high moral code

Question 7

positive impact of amateurism

Answer 7

code of amateurism- based on playing sport to clearly set rules put in place by middle and upper class that formed many ngb’s
belonging to the social elite-having wealth and plenty of time to play sport for the love of it rather then monetary gain
participation in sport- seen as more important than winning and taking part viewed as character building exercise
amateurs were leite perfomrers of the 19th century

Question 8

working class professionals

Answer 8

came from poor backgrounds
perceived to be corruptable as they were controlled by money
early pros in walking/running races were paid according to results
foul play and gamesmanship were used to try and gain advantage and increase the chance of winning

Question 9

positive impact of 19th century professionalism on sports development

Answer 9

poorest members of society, had to be paid a wage for time off working
paid depending on results of perfomrance so that would increase
earning money from sport was seen as an avenue for social mobility
created determination to succeed

Question 10

features of early 20th century amateurs

Answer 10

controllers of sport
top performers from upper and middle class
highly moral-sufficient income and leisure time to play sport for the love and not receive payment
high status

Question 11

modern day amateurs

Answer 11

some receive finance to pay for training expenses
lower status then professionals
high level performers not always professionals
performance at top level is almost open to all

Question 12

positives of modern day amateurism

Answer 12

shaking hands, maintianned
codes of amateurism are still evident in british sport via sportsmanship