attribution theory

Question 1

what is attribution

Answer 1

perception for the reason of an outcome for a performance

Question 2

what is the locus of causality

Answer 2

whether it is in control of the performer (internal) or out of their control (external)

Question 3

internal attribution

Answer 3

within their control
effort

Question 4

external attribute

Answer 4

out of their control
referee

Question 5

what is the stability dimension

Answer 5

whether it is permanent or changeable reason

Question 6

unstable attribute

Answer 6

can change in a short amount of time
luck

Question 7

stable attribute

Answer 7

unlikely to change in a short amount of time
quality of a team

Question 8

factors affecting attribution

Answer 8

refs decision
your ability
luck
coaching you have received
playing a good team
effort applied
amount of practice that occurred

Question 9

self serving bias

Answer 9

using external and/or unstable reasons for losing
when you win it’s because of you and when you lose it’s because of external reasons
a coach should blame the ref, praise effort and reward ability

Question 10

internal unstable

Answer 10

effort
maintains motivation and confidence

Question 11

internal stable

Answer 11

ability
reduced confidence and motivation
learned helplessness

Question 12

external unstable

Answer 12

luck
self serving bias
maintains confidence

Question 13

external stable

Answer 13

task difficulty
maintains confidence and confidence as we can’t control it

Question 14

learned helplessness

Answer 14

using internal stable reasons for losing
performer perceived failure as inevitable doubt in ability affects performer, confidence is lowered
lack of effort and motivation
task persistence drops as they believe failure is only option
exhibit avoidance behaviour

Question 15

global/general learned helplessness

Answer 15

general sporting situations

Question 16

specific/situational learned helplessness

Answer 16

specific situations within sport

Question 17

strategies to avoid learned helplessness

Answer 17

develop self confidence
attribution retraining
avoid social comparisons
blame external causes
goal setting
set performance tasks not outcome
mental rehearsal
positive feedback
motivate
allow success
1 to 1 attention

Question 18

attribution retraining

Answer 18

focus on positive attribution rather than negative
shift focus from internal to external factors
changing reasons given for success and failure
increase self confidence by removing learned helplessness
set SMART goals
give positive reinforcement and encouragement
must change perception- wieners model
change in internal attribution to external