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PT Elements > PAC Exam 1 > Flashcards

PAC Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

true or false? scripture teaches us that we are free to disobey the government whenever it forces us to sin

A

true

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2
Q

true or false? Boyd (The Myth of a Christian Nation) believes governments are essentially under Satan’s power

A

True

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3
Q

true or false? Scripture makes it clear that government’s authority comes from the consent of the governed.

A

False

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4
Q

Winthrop, in his “Little Speech of Liberty,” argues that our basic attitude toward those who lead us should be one of _______

A

patience

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5
Q

true or false? Winthrop’s “Little Speech on Liberty” stresses that those who serve in elected positions are fundamentally unlike those they represent

A

False

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6
Q

true or false? In his “Little Speech on Liberty”, John Winthrop argues that civil liberty is the neutral ability to do whatever we wish and only rarely should government be able to limit this kind of liberty

A

False

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7
Q

true or false? According to Scripture, Christians are required to obey the government unless the government forces us to sin

A

True

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8
Q

true or false? Jefferson argues in the Declaration that citizens have the right to alter or abolish government when it fails to protect rights and liberties

A

True

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9
Q

true or false? both Jefferson and Locke think popular consent is a fundamental aspect of good government

A

True

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10
Q

true or false? Locke believes that citizens give up no rights or powers when they enter into a governmental structure

A

False

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11
Q

true or false? Boucher (“On Civil Liberty…”) thinks a government seeking the public good must be based on the consent of the governed

A

False

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12
Q

the document explaining the ideas of the Constitution and urging its ratification is the….

A

Federalist Papers

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13
Q

In Federalist No. 10, James Madison argued for what idea?

A

Government is most dangerous when a single group is powerful enough to gain full political control

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14
Q

The principle of checks and balances, as discussed in Federalist #51, is based on the notion that….

A

power and ambition must be used to offset power and ambition

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15
Q

true or false? In Federalist 10, Madison argues that a successful government will heavily regulate people to limit their freedom to form gorups

A

False

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16
Q

true or false? In Federalist 51, Madison suggests that human beings are “good” enough to be trusted with significant political power

A

False

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17
Q

Montezuma, in his satirical Anti-Federalist paper, argues that the new Constitution….

A

is not democratic enough because only the House is popularly elected

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18
Q

Cato, in his Anti-Federalist Paper, argues against ____ and his _____.

A

Madison; belief that America’s size and diversity would benefit the new government

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19
Q

true or false? Brutus, in his Anti-Federalist paper, argues that the new Constitution should contain a bill of rights

A

True

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20
Q

true or false? Hamilton, in Federalist 78, believed the judiciary was the most dangerous branch of government

A

False

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21
Q

true or false? In Federalist 78, Hamilton argues it is up to all branches of government to interpret the Constitution as they see fit

A

False

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22
Q

true or false? In Marbury, Marshall argues that in order to have limited government, laws that conflict with the Constitution must be struck down

A

True

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23
Q

true or false? members of the Supreme Court hold their positions as long as they demonstrate “good behavior”, which generally means for life

A

True

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24
Q

true or false? Boyd believes the nature of government is coercive and under Satan’s power, government is evil

A

True

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25
Q

true or false? Grudem believes satan wants people to believe he has authority but Satan is a liar

A

True

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26
Q

Main points on Winthrop’s Little Speech on Liberty?

A
  1. People should be patient with their leaders
  2. Natural Liberty is to do as you wish
  3. Civil or federal liberty is to do what is just and good for the community
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27
Q

Augustine?

A

City of God

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28
Q

What is the difference between City of God and City of Man?

A

The City of Man has people loving themselves more than God, filled with conflict and pride. The City of God has people who love God more than themselves and follows the Bible

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29
Q

What is the Magna Carta?

A

Written demands to King John of England in 1215 listing fundamental rights. The document established the principle that the king and his government were not above the law, and it said King John had taken away rights. It was also the notion of rights and limitations on government power.

30
Q

What was the Mayflower Compact?

A

An agreement between the settlers of New Plymouth. First founding document on how we are to govern ourselves and provide order. It ensured a functioning social structure would prevail

31
Q

What was Locke’s view on government in the Second Treatise on Government?

A
  • connected to the Declaration of Independence and the American Revolution
  • government power comes from the consent of the governed (social contract theory)
  • primary purpose of government is to promote the protection of life and property
32
Q

What was Boucher’s view on government in his sermon?

A
  • disagrees with Locke and the American revolution, sermon on Romans 13
  • government authority is NOT based on the consent of the governed, it is from God
  • disobeying government is disobeying God, therefore submit to government
33
Q

What is the Declaration of Independence?

A
  • written in 1776 by a committee of five, Jefferson was the main author
  • “We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal”
  • just governments derive their power from the consent of the governed
  • right of people to alter or abolish the government if it fails to protect rights
34
Q

What is the United States Constitution?

A
  • Articles of Confederation created after independence because it gave too much power to the states and not enough to the federal government
  • constitutional convention formed at Philadelphia to create new Constitution, 9 out of 13 states were needed to ratify this new constitution
35
Q

How many articles and amendments are there?

A

7 articles and 27 amendments (first 10 are Bill of Rights)

36
Q

What is Article 1?

A

The Legislative Branch: Makes laws

37
Q

What is Article 2?

A

The Executive Branch: Enforces the law

38
Q

What is Article 3?

A

The Judicial Branch: Interprets the Law

39
Q

Who wrote Federalist #2?

A

John Jay

40
Q

What did Federalist #2 say?

A
  • America should be one nation, under one federal government
  • America is already united through many different aspects, need a strong union with a good central government
  • a unified government is better than separate sovereignties
41
Q

Who wrote Federalist #10?

A

James Madison

42
Q

What did Federalist #10 say?

A
  • Faction is a group that shares a common political purpose, and isn’t for the common good
  • government is most dangerous when one group can gain full political control
  • factions come from different opinions and differences in wealth and property
  • the government could prevent factions but this would destroy freedom
  • factions will balance themselves out in the large and diverse republic
43
Q

Who wrote Federalist #51?

A

James Madison (AGAIN!)

44
Q

What did Federalist #51 say?

A
  • justifies system of separation of powers, checks and balances, and federalism
  • “if all men were angels no government would be necessary”
  • checks and balances refers to the ability of each branch of government to partially control the power exercised by the other
  • want branches strong enough to do their job but not so strong that they become tyrannical
  • separation of powers and federalism to protect from tyranny of the government
  • power and ambition must be used to offset power and ambition
45
Q

What did Anti Federalist Number 2 (Brutus) say?

A

Constitution should provide Bill of Rights to protect freedoms, need more protection against abuses of power

46
Q

What did Anti Federalist No. 3 (Cato) say?

A

Response to Federalist No. 10, public interest easier to perceive in smaller republic, large federal government is impractical and unable to achieve common good

47
Q

What did Anti Federalist #10 (Montezuma) say?

A

Sarcastic tone, federal government will be aristocratic rather than democratic, the states would have no power, the House is the only body representing the people directly and it is weak

48
Q

What are the requirements to be in the House of Representatives?

A

25 years old, 7 years a citizen. States get representatives based on population. 2 year term

49
Q

What are the requirements to be in the Senate?

A

30 years old, 9 years a citizen, each state gets 2 senators. Six-year term.

50
Q

Federalist # 57 on the House of Representatives?

A
  • two year terms will connect representatives to those they represent
  • frequent elections, relaxed qualifications for office, electors from all over
  • process of choosing electors will motivate representatives to work hard
51
Q

Federalist #63 on the Senate?

A
  • Senate is to be a model of consistency, stability, and prestige
  • term limits long enough to keep senators responsible for their actions
  • stability should improve foreign relations
52
Q

Facts from McCulloch v. Maryland

A

National bank created, Maryland passed law for National Bank to pay taxes, cashier of National Bank James McCulloch refused to pay

53
Q

Questions from McCulloch v. Maryland?

A

Could congress establish a national bank? If Congress could establish a national bank, could state legislatures tax the national bank?

54
Q

Decisions from McCulloch v. Maryland?

A

Congress has the power, Maryland can’t tax it

55
Q

Arguments from McCulloch v. Maryland?

A

Constitution is the supreme law of the land, congress had implied powers under the Necessary and Proper Clause to create bank, states can’t impede constitutional laws

56
Q

Facts from Wickard v. Filburn

A

Filburn was a farmer who harvested wheat above his allotment for his own use, penalized under the Agricultural Adjustment Act, argued that since it was for his own use it had no impact on interstate commerce

57
Q

Questions from Wickard v. Filburn

A

Did the Act violate the Commerce Clause

58
Q

Decision from Wickard v. Filburn

A

The Act did not violate the Commerce Clause

59
Q

Arguments from Wickard v. Filburn

A

Commerce Clause gives congress power to regulate prices and this law was related to that goal. Filburns indirect action when viewed in the aggregate would substantially affect interstate commerce

60
Q

Main points of Burke’s speech to the electors of Bristol?

A

Burke believed that representatives don’t owe their constituents allegiance, but instead owe them wisdom and judgment. Representatives should focus on the good of the country rather than just the interests of those who voted for them. Trustee representation: entrust person to make decisions on behalf of people

61
Q

Who wrote Federalist 70?

A

Alexander Hamilton

62
Q

What did Federalist 70 say?

A
  • power and energy in executive is important to a good executive
  • a single president for accountability
  • protection from foreign powers and internal threats
  • plural executive would conceal faults and destroy responsibility
63
Q

Facts from Korematsu vs. US?

A

Roosevelt issued Executive Order 9066, all persons of Japanese ancestry to be moved from certain areas and put in internment camps

64
Q

Questions from Kerematsu vs United States

A

Did President Roosevelt act beyond his constitutional powers as Commander-in-Chief? Did the military order unconstitutionally violate rights?

65
Q

Decision from Korematsu vs US?

A

Executive order was legitimate and did not violate rights

66
Q

Arguments from Korematsu vs US

A

Strategy to keep the US secrure, concerned about espionage and sabotage, taking proper security measures, actions are justified

67
Q

Who wrote Federalist 78?

A

Alexander Hamilton

68
Q

What did Federalist 78 say?

A
  • Judicial Branch is NOT dangerous: “neither force nor will but merely judgement”
  • independence from executive and legislative: impartial decisions, no political pressure, barrier to representatives (saves from tyranny of the majority)
  • up to judicial branch to interpret the constitution
  • least dangerous branch of government: can’t use force, passive and can only react to cases, can’t really enforce its own decisions
69
Q

What were the facts from Marbury v. Madison?

A

An unconstitutional law (The Judiciary Act) was in place that would have given Justice Marbury his job

70
Q

Questions from Marbury v Madison?

A

Did Marbury have the right to commission? Does he have a right to a remedy? If so can the court issue him a writ of mandamus?

71
Q

Decisions from Marbury v Madison?

A

Marbury has right to commission and remedy. No writ of mandamus.

72
Q

Arguments from Marbury vs. Madison?

A

Chief Justice John Marshall says Judiciary Act Section 13 violates original jurisdiction, laws that conflict with the Constitution must be struck down, and established judicial review: the power to declare laws unconstitutional

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