Chapter 7 Flashcards
acquiring through experiencing new and relatively enduring information and/or behaviors
learning
the key to learning is _________
experience
We learn by _________
assocation
learning that certain events occur together
associative learning
who were the four pioneers of learning?
Pavlov, Watson, Skinner, Bandura
Which pioneer theory was classical conditioning?
Ivan Pavlov
linking two or more stimuli and anticipating events (linking/pairing stimuli)
classical conditioning
any event/situation that evokes a response
stimulus
US
unconditioned stimulus
UR
unconditioned response
CS
conditioned stimulus
CR
conditioned response
conditioned = ?
learned
unconditioned = ?
unlearned/automatic
which pioneer was a behaviorist
John B Watson
belief that behaviors are more important than thoughts, feelings, motives
behaviorist
pioneer connected to operant conditioning
B.F. Skinner
one’s behavior operates the outcome
operant conditioning
a procedure in which rewards guide one to a designed behavior (rewarding small improvements)
shaping
any event that increases the frequency of a response/behavior it follows
reinforcement
strengthens a response/behavior by presenting a positive stimulus after a response/behavior
positive reinforcement
strengthens a response/behavior by removing/reducing a negative stimulus after a response/behavior
negative reinforcement
an event or consequence that decreases the frequency of a behavior
punishment
pioneer connected with observational learning
Albert Bandura
children learn by observation - learning and imitating others’ behaviors
observational learning
we look and we learn
modeling
