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PT Elements > Microbiology Quiz 2 > Flashcards

Microbiology Quiz 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Organisms growing only in the presence of O2 are called

A

obligate aerobes

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2
Q

organisms that are able to grow in the presence and absence of O2 are called

A

facultative anaerobes

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3
Q

organisms that stricly only grown anaerobically and are actually harmed by the presence of O2 are called

A

obligate anaerobes

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4
Q

which bacteria is a facultative anaerobe?

A

E. coli

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5
Q

which bacteria is an obligate aerobe?

A

a. faecalis

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6
Q

which bacteria is an obligate anaerobe?

A

C. sporogenes

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7
Q

____________ are often used to create anaerobic conditions in a growth chamber. In the gas pack system. hydrogen and CO2 are produced. The palladium catalyst in the growth chamber catalyzes the formation of water from hydrogen and oxygen while CO2 prevents O2 from entering the chamber by creating pressure on the chamber wall

A

gas pack systems

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8
Q

microorganisms that grown at tempreatures ranging from 015 degrees celsius are known as

A

psychrophiles

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9
Q

organisms that can grow in cold temperatures, but grow optimally at temperatures between 25-45 degrees celsisus are called

A

psychotolerant

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10
Q

organisms growing at temperatures between 25-45 degrees celsius are known as

A

mesophiles

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11
Q

organisms that grow at temperatures above 55 degrees celisus are called

A

thermophiles

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12
Q

which type of bacteria is a mesophile

A

S. aureus

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13
Q

Which type of bacteia is a psychotolerant?

A

P. Plfuorescens

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14
Q

Which type of bacteria is a thermophile?

A

Bacillus stearothermophilus

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15
Q

bacteria that are able to tolerate high salt concentrations are called

A

halotolerant

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16
Q

bacteria that thrive in high salt concentrations are known as

A

halophiles

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17
Q

bacteria that are unable to handle high salt concentrations are

A

non-halophiles

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18
Q

which bacteria is a non-halophile?

A

E. coli

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19
Q

Which bacteria is a halotolerant?

A

S. aureus

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20
Q

What makes EMB selective?

A

dyes limit growth of gram positive, selects for gram negative

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21
Q

What makes EMB differential?

A

detection between lactose/non-lactose fermenting bacteria

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22
Q

what makes MSA selective?

A

selects for halotolerant bacteria such as staphylococcus due to high salt concentrations

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23
Q

what makes MSA differential?

A

contains mannitol and phenol red as a pH indicator

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24
Q

what does lactose positive look like on an EMB palte?

A

black or dark center colonies or green metallic colonies

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25
Q

what does lactose negative look like on an EMB plate?

A

clear to white colonies

26
Q

what does mannitol fermenter look like on a MSA plate?

A

Mannitol is reduced, pH drops and plate turns yellow

27
Q

what does non-mannitol fermenter looks like on a MSA plate?

A

mannitol is not reduced, no pH change, plate stays red

28
Q

which bacteria’s colony description is lactose?

A

E. coli and the plate is green metallic

29
Q

which bacteria’s colony description is non-lactose?

A

P. aeruginose and the plate is pink

30
Q

Which bacteria’s color of agar is mannitol ferment?

A

S. aureus and the plate is yellow

31
Q

which bacteria’s color of agar is non-mannitol ferment?

A

S. epidermidis and the plate is pink

32
Q

how is blood agar differential?

A

differentiates between hemolytic and non-hemolytic behavior

33
Q

what is hemolysins?

A

enzymes produced that destroy red blood cells

34
Q

what is partial hemolysis that causes a greening of the agar. The cells are left intact but the hemin is chemically altered

A

alpha hemolysis

35
Q

what is complete hemolysis that is caused by the obliteraion of the red blood cells. It produces a clear zone of agar and you can completely see through the palte?

A

Beta hemolysis

36
Q

what is no hemolysis, no effect on red blood cells?

A

gamma hemolysis

37
Q

which organism has beta hemolysis?

A

S. aureus and it’s agar description is complete

38
Q

Which organism has alpha hemolysis?

A

A. faecalis and it’s agar description is green

39
Q

Which organism has gamma hemolysis?

A

S. faecium and it’s agar description is no color

40
Q

How is blood agar differential?

A

Differentiates between hemolytic and non-hemolytic behavior

41
Q

What is hemolysins?

A

Enzymes produced that destroy red blood cells

42
Q

What is partial hemolysis that causes a greening of the agar. The cells are left intact but the hemin is chemically altered.

A

Alpha hemolysis

43
Q

What is complete hemolysis that is caused by the obliteration of the red blood cells. It produces a clear zone of agar and you can completely see through the plate?

A

Beta hemolysis

44
Q

What is no hemolysis, no effect on red blood cells.

A

Gamma hemolysis

45
Q

Which organism has beta hemolysis?

A

S, aureus and it’s agar description is complete

46
Q

Which organism has alpha hemolysis?

A

A. faecalis and it’s agar description is green

47
Q

Which organism has gamma hemolysis?

A

S. faecium and it’s agar description is no color.

48
Q

Substances that are commonly applied to the skin are called

A

antiseptics

49
Q

Substances usually employed to kill microbes on inanimate objects are called

A

disinfectants

50
Q

Chemicals that are produced by the biochemical activity of a living organism that kills other living organisms are called

A

antibiotics

51
Q

How are antibiotic sensitivity determined?

A

Kirby-Bauer Method

52
Q

What is the Kirby-Bauer method?

A

Antibiotics are impregnated on thin paper disks. Disks are delivered by a mechanical dispenser or using sterile forceps. After incubation, the ‘zone of inhibition’ is measured. A small zone or no zone indicates that the organism is resistant to the antibiotic. A large zone indicates that the organism is susceptible to the antibiotic.

53
Q

What does the term selective toxicity mean?

A

‘Good antibiotics’ display selective toxicity and are limited in the type of organisms that they kill than are antiseptics and disinfectants.

53
Q

How do antibiotics attack the bacterial cell?

A

They kill other living organisms.

54
Q

Which type of media favors the growth of a particular organism while inhibiting the growth of other organisms?

A

Selective Media

55
Q

What type of media distinguishes between different types of bacteria?

A

Differential Media

56
Q

If bacterium is placed in a ________ solution, water will enter the cell and cause it to become rigid due to the cell wall?

A

Hypotonic

57
Q

When bacteria are placed in a _______ solution, water leaves and the plasma membrane shrinks away from the wall?

A

Hypertonic

58
Q

What is process called of the plasma membrane shrinking away from the wall?

A

plasmolysis

59
Q
A

PT Elements (43 decks)

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