Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PT Elements > Nursing Final > Flashcards

Nursing Final Flashcards

1
Q

providing skilled, specialized, knowledgeable care; improving the public health status, and ensuring safe, effective quality care.

A

ANA definition of nursing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

learning to deliver care with compassion, caring, and respect for each patient’s dignity and individuality.

A

nursing as an art

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

based on a body of knowledge and evidence-based practices that are continually changing with new discoveries and innovations. Phenomena related to human health, such as facts, behaviors, problems, and events that describe reality.

A

nursing as a science

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

who is considered the center of nursing practice?

A

the patient

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Who organized and founded the American Red Cross

A

Clara Barton

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Who was the Union’s superintendent of Female Nurses during the Civil War

A

Dorothea Dix

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

who was known as the “moses of her people” for her work with the underground railroad

A

Harriet Tubman

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

who was the First African American educated nurse

A

Mary Mahoney

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

who founded the nurses’ associated alumnae of the U.S. and Canada (American Nurses Association)

A

Isabel Hampton Robb

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

who created the Henry Street Settlement, provided care for the poor

A

Lilian Wald

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

who was the First American Educated Nurse

A

Linda Richards

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is Cedarville University’s School of Nursing Mission?

A

Nursing practice grounded in biblical truth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

who was one of the first modern nurse theorists

A

Virginia Henderson

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

who defined the unique function of the nurse

A

Virginia Henderson

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

to assist the individual, sick or well, in the performance of those activities contributing to health or its recovery (or to peaceful death) that he would perform unaided if he had the necessary strength, will or knowledge

A

the unique function of the nurse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

the protection, promotion, and optimization of health and abilities, prevention of illness and injury, facilitation of healing, alleviation of suffering through the diagnosis and treatment of human response, and advocacy in the care of individuals, families, groups, communities, and populations

A

ANA professional definition of nursing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what does ANA stand for

A

American Nurses Association

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

an essential element of professional nursing that involves the initiation of independent nursing interventions without medical orders

A

autonomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

the meaning that you are responsible professionally and legally for the type and quality of care provided

A

accountability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

initiative to respond to reports about safety and quality patient care by the Institute of Medicine

A

Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

APRN

A

Advanced Practice Registered Nurse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

CNM

A

Certified Nurse Midwife

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

CRNA

A

Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

CNS

A

Clinical Nurse Specialist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

helps to explain an event by defining ideas or concepts, explaining relationships among the concepts, and predicting outcomes

A

theory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

the perspective or territory of a profession or discipline. It provides the subject, central concepts, values and beliefs, phenomena of interest, and central problems of a discipline

A

domain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

a pattern of beliefs used to describe the domain of a discipline. This links the concepts, theories, beliefs, values, and assumptions accepted and applied by the discipline

A

paradigm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

a thought or idea of reality that is put into words or phrases to help describes or explain a specific phenomenon. These can be as abstract as emotions or concrete as physical objects

A

concept

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What are the four elements of the nursing paradigm?

A
  1. person
  2. health
  3. environment/situation
  4. nursing
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

what concept did Florence Nightingale come up with?

A

Patient Environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

what concept did Virginia Henderson come up with?

A

Principles and Practice of Nursing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

what concept did Martha Rogers come up with?

A

Unitary Beings/Human Becomings/Expanding Consciouness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

What concepts did Dorothea Orem come up with?

A

Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

what concepts did Imogene King come up with?

A

Goal Attainment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

What concepts did Madeline Leininger come up with?

A

Culture Care

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

What concept did Sister Callista Roy come up with?

A

Adaption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

What concept did Jean Watson come up with?

A

Caring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

nurses should manipulate (ventilation, light, decreased noise, hygiene, nutrition) so that nature is able to restore a patient to health

A

Patient Environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Nurses assist patients with 14 activities until patients can meet these needs for themselves or they help patients have a peaceful death

A

Principles and Practice of Nursing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Nurses view a patient as a unique, dynamic energy field in constant energy exchange with the environment; nursing care focuses on helping a patient use his or her own potential to identify and alter personal rhythms/patterns to promote and maintain health

A

Unitary Beings/Human Becoming/Expanding Consciousness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

a nurse continually assesses a patient’s ability to perform self-care and intervenes as needed to ensure that patients meet physical, psychological, sociological, and developmental needs

A

Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Nurses view a patient’s unique personal system that is constantly interacting/transacting with other systems (nurse, family, friends)Nurses help patients become active participants in their care by working with them to establish goals for attaining, restoring, or maintaining health.

A

Goal Attainment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Human caring varies among cultures in its expressions, processes, and patterns. Social structure factors such as the patient’s politics, culture, and traditions are significant forces affecting the diversity of the patient’s health and illness patterns.

A

Culture Care

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Nurses help a patient cope with or adapt to changes in physiological, self-concept, role function, and interdependence domains

A

Adaption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Understand the interrelationship among health, illness, and human behavior rather than focus on the disease-cure model

A

Caring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

concern for the welfare and well-being of others

A

altruism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

respect for the inherent worth and uniqueness of all individuals and populations; the nurse values and respects all patients and colleagues.

A

Human Dignity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

acting in accordance with an appropriate code of ethics and accepted standards of practice; honest in all aspects of nursing

A

Integrity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

upholding moral, legal, and humanistic principles; nurse works to ensure equal treatment under the law and equal access to healthcare

A

Social Justice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

a problem-solving approach to clinical practice that combines the deliberate and systematic use of best evidence in combination with a clinician’s expertise, patient preferences and values, and available health care resources in making decisions about patient care

A

EBP or Evidence Based Practice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

What are the steps of EBP?

A
  1. Cultivate a spirit of inquiry within an EBP culture and environment
  2. Ask a clinical question in PICOT format
  3. Search for the most relevant and best evidence
  4. Critically appraise the evidence you gather
  5. Integrate the best evidence with your clinical expertise and patient preferences and values to make the best clinical decision
  6. Evaluate the outcomes of practice changes based on evidence
  7. Communicate the outcomes of EBP decisions or changes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

large collections of published scientific reviews

A

Database

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

published scientific studies written by others in the medical field

A

Peer-Reviewed Articles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

A research design involving an experimental comparison between two or more groups randomly assigned to treatments or strategies

A

RCT or Randomized Control Study

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

collects and critically analyzes multiple research studies or papers

A

Systematic Reviews

56
Q

Systematically developed statements about a plan of care for a specific set of clinical circumstances involving a specific patient population

A

Clinical Guidelines

57
Q

What are the key areas of focus for healthcare research?

A
  1. Build the scientific foundation for clinical practice
  2. Prevent disease and disability
  3. Manage and eliminate symptoms caused by illness
  4. Enhance end-of-life and palliative care
58
Q

the process of testing relationships, differences, and cause-effect interactions among and between variables and testing intervention effectiveness

A

Quantitative Research

59
Q

the study of research questions about human experiences. Data are words or observations; promote understanding; describe the experience

A

Qualitative Research

60
Q

List the steps of the research process:

A
  1. Identify area of interest or clinical problem
  2. Review the literature
  3. Identify variables
  4. Determine Research Design
  5. Collect Data
  6. Analyze Data
  7. Communicate findings
61
Q

doing good; positive steps to help others

A

Beneficence

62
Q

do no harm

A

nonmaleficence

63
Q

the obligation of fairness to all people

A

Justice

64
Q

the agreement to keep promises; faithful to commitments

A

Fidelity

65
Q

A set of guiding principles that all members of a profession accept; carrying out nursing responsibilities in a manner consistent with quality in nursing care and the ethical obligations of the profession

A

Professional Nursing Code of Ethics

66
Q

defines actions as right or wrong on the basis of their “right-making characteristics” such as fidelity to promises, truthfulness, and justice

A

Deontology

67
Q

the best action is the one that maximizes utility

A

Utilitarianism

68
Q

Steps a nurse should take in processing an ethical dilemma?

A
  1. Ask the question: Is this an ethical dilemma?
  2. Gather information relevant to the case (patient, family, institutional, social)
  3. Clarify values. Distinguish among fact, opinion, and values
  4. Verbalize the problem
  5. Identify possible courses of action
  6. Negotiate a plan
  7. Evaluate the plan over time
69
Q

define nursing, set standards for the nursing profession, and give guidance regarding the scope of practice issues; State Board of Nursing for each state; protecting those we care for.

A

Nurse Practice Acts

70
Q

legal requirements for nursing practice that describe minimum acceptable nursing care; professional organizations through research and implementation of best practice

A

Standards of Care

71
Q

concerned with providing protection for all members of society

A

Criminal Law

72
Q

deal with a violation of one’s individual rights by another individual. Crimes are not committed. There is a dispute between individuals.

A

Civil Law

73
Q

List Statutory Issues from the Federal Levels

A
  • Americans with Disabilities Act
  • Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act
  • Mental Health Parity Act
  • Uniform Anatomical Gift Act
  • Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act
  • Health Information and Technology Act
74
Q

List Statutory Issues from the State Levels

A
  • Licensure
  • Good Samaritan Laws
  • Public Health Laws
  • The Uniform Determination of Death Act
  • Autopsy
  • Death with Dignity or Physician-Assisted Suicide
75
Q

The professional intends to do harm and does harm

A

Intentional Tort

76
Q

Intent may not be there, but “direct cause” occurs

A

Quasi-Intentional Tort

77
Q

Accidents, Negligence, or the omission of an act that a reasonable or prudent person would perform

A

Unintentional Tort

78
Q

conduct that falls below the generally accepted standard of care of a reasonably prudent person

A

Negligence

79
Q

Improper, illegal, or negligent professional activity or treatment

A

Malpractice

80
Q

Tracking of the effectiveness of the body’s circulatory, respiratory, and neurological system functioning; all body systems working in harmony – ‘normal’ or acceptable values

A

Vital Signs

81
Q

What are the measurements included in assessing vital signs?

A
  1. Temperature
  2. Pulse
  3. Oxygen
  4. Respiration
  5. Blood Pressure
82
Q

When should the nurse measure vital signs?

A

When the surroundings and external factors won’t seem like they will affect measurements

83
Q

What is the acceptable temperature range for oral/tympanic for an adult?

A

96.8-100.4

84
Q

What is the acceptable temperature range for rectal for an adult?

A

99.5

85
Q

What is the acceptable temperature range for axillary for an adult?

A

97.7

86
Q

What is the acceptable range for pulse for an adult?

A

60 to 100bpm

87
Q

What is the acceptable range of respirations for an adult?

A

12 to 20 breaths per minute

88
Q

What is the acceptable blood pressure for an adult?

A

120/80

89
Q

temperature of deep tissues

A

core temperature

90
Q

temperature of skin outside the body

A

surface temperature

91
Q

heat coming off the body

A

radiation

92
Q

heat transferring from one thing to another

A

conduction

93
Q

transfer of heat to something wet

A

convection

94
Q

water evaporating into gas

A

evaporation

95
Q

temperature variations over 24 hours

A

Circadian Rhythm

96
Q

heat-loss mechanisms are unable to keep pace with excessive heat production, resulting in an abnormal rise in body temperature

A

Fever or Pyrexia

97
Q

the hypothalamus point drops, initiating heat-loss responses

A

Febrile

98
Q

when the fever breaks

A

Afebrile

99
Q

an elevated body temperature related to the inability of the body to promote heat loss or reduce heat production

A

Hyperthermia

100
Q

heat loss during prolonged exposure to cold overwhelms the ability to produce heat

A

Hypothermia

101
Q

What are the most common causes for a fever?

A

Bacteria and Viruses

102
Q

The number of heartbeats per minute

A

Pulse

103
Q

an inefficient contraction of the ♡ that fails to transmit a pulse wave to the peripheral pulse site

A

Pulse Deficit

104
Q

slow heartrate

A

bradycardia

105
Q

abnormally elevated heartrate

A

tachycardia

106
Q

an internal interruption by an early or late beat indicates abnormal rhythm

A

Dysrhythmia

107
Q

when volume increases in an enclosed space such as blood vessel; the volume of the blood pumped into the hea rt and equals the result of SV times their HR per minute

A

Cardiac Output

108
Q

What are the most common sites for assessing pulse rate?

A

Temporal, Carotid, Apical Pulse, Brachial, Radial, Femoral, Popliteal

109
Q

What instrument is needed to asses an apical pulse?

A

stethoscope

110
Q

When would you assess apical/radial pulses

A

vital signs

111
Q

What is the normal pulse rate for a newborn baby?

A

130 (80-180)

112
Q

What is the normal pulse rate for a 4 year old?

A

100 (75-120)

113
Q

What is the normal pulse rate for a 10 year old?

A

70 (50-90)

114
Q

What is the normal pulse rate for a 40 year old?

A

80 (60-100)

115
Q

When assessing the character of the pulse, the nurse evaluates

A

R - Rate
R - Rhythm
S - Strength
E - Equality

116
Q

normal breathing

A

eupnea

117
Q

the respiratory process by which gases are moved into and out of the lungs

A

Ventilation

118
Q

the state or process of being widely spread

A

Diffusion

119
Q

pumps oxygenated blood to the tissues and returns deoxygenated blood to the lungs

A

Perfusion

120
Q

sensation or shortness of breath

A

dyspnea

121
Q

an abnormal condition in which a person must sit or stand in order to breathe comfortably

A

orthopnea

122
Q

absent breathing

A

apnea

123
Q

slow breathing

A

bradypnea

124
Q

fast breathing

A

tachypnea

125
Q

What three factors are considered when assessing respiration?

A

Respiratory Rate, Ventilatory Depth, Ventilatory Rhythm

126
Q

What is arterial oxygen saturation?

A

the amount of hemoglobin fully saturated with oxygen, given as a percent value

127
Q

a measure of the pressure exerted by the blood as it flows through the arteries

A

Blood Pressure

128
Q

the pressure of the blood as a result of contraction of the ventricles

A

systolic pressure

129
Q

pressure when the ventricles are at rest - the lower pressure that is present at all times within the arteries

A

Diastolic Pressure

130
Q

the difference between systolic and diastolic pressure

A

Pulse Pressure

131
Q

thickening of walls, loosening of elasticity, unknown cause

A

hypertension

132
Q

dilation of arteries; loss of blood volume, the decrease of blood flow to vital organs; orthostatic/postural

A

Hypotension

133
Q

active, purposeful, organized, and cognitive process used to carefully examine one’s thinking and the thinking of other individuals

A

Critical Thinking

134
Q

5 steps of the nursing process?

A
  1. Assessment
  2. Diagnosis (nursing)
  3. Planning
  4. Implementation
  5. Evaluation
135
Q

The patient’s verbal description of their health problems

A

Subjective Data

136
Q

the observations or measurements of a patient’s health status

A

objective data

137
Q

the identification of a disease condition based on a specific evaluation of physical signs and symptoms, a patient’s medical history, and the results of the diagnostic tests and procedures

A

Medical Diagnosis

PT Elements (43 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions