Oxytocin (Pitocin)

Question 1

Oxytocin Classification

Answer 1

Hormone

Question 2

Oxytocin Mechanism

Answer 2

Oxytocin binds to oxytocin receptors in uterine SMC, initiates activity of 2nd messengers, which results in increased intracellular Ca2+, and in turn promotes contraction of uterine muscle.

Question 3

Oxytocin Pharmacokinetics

Answer 3

Onset: Immediate IV, 3-7m IM
Peak: Varies
Duration: 1h IV, 2-3h IM
Half Life: 3-5m

Question 4

Oxytocin Indications/Field Use

Answer 4

Post-partum hemorrage

Question 5

Oxytocin Contraindications

Answer 5

• Baby and placenta not delivered
• Additional fetus present
• If given prior to fetal delivery: fetal hypoxia, fetal asphyxia, fetal intracranial bleeding*

Question 6

Oxytocin Side Effects/Adverse Reactions

Answer 6

Hypotension, tachycardia, dysrhythmias, seizures, coma, N/V

Question 7

Oxytocin Dose

Answer 7

Adult:
3-30 units IM
10-20 units in 500mL or 1000mL D5W, NS, or LR - slow IV, IO infusion

Question 8

Oxytocin Precautions

Answer 8

Can cause over-stimulation of uterus and possible uterine rupture - monitor uterine tone

Question 9

Oxytocin Drug Interactions

Answer 9

HTN when given with vasoconstrictors such as NE