Amyl Nitrate Flashcards
Amyl Classification
Antidote/Nitrate Vasodilator
Amyl Mechanism
Short acting vasodilator and SMC relaxant that oxidizes hemoglobin to become methemoglobin, which forms a non-toxic complex with the cyanide ion to form cyanomethemoglobin, which can be enzymatically degraded.
Amyl Pharmacokinetics
Onset: 10-30s
Peak Effects: 30s
Duration: 3-5m
Half Life: N/A
Amyl Indications/Field Use
Cyanide poisoning
Amyl Contraindications
None
Amyl Side Effects/Adverse Reactions
HA, dizziness, weakness, flushing, cold sweats, tachycardia, syncope, orthostatic hypotension, N/V
Amyl Dose
Adult & Pedi:0.3mL ampule crushed, inhaled over 15-30 seconds, q1m until sodium nitrate infusion is available
Amyl Precautions
- May be a medication of abuse, should be stored in secure place with narcotics
- Smells like dirty, sweaty socks
- Ensure patient is sitting prior to administration, hypotension and syncope may be sudden
Amyl Drug Interactions
Hypotension potentiated by antihypertensives, Beta-Blockers, and certain antiemetics (phenothiazines).