oral cavity Flashcards
the oral cavity includes
mouth, teeth, gums, tongue, palate, and region of palatine tonsils
2 parts of the oral cavity
-oral vestibule: space between the teeth and lips
-oral cavity proper: space behind the teeth
orbicularis oris
controls the oral fissure, size, and shape of the mout
boundaries of oral cavity proper
-laterally and anteriorly: upper and lower arcades
roof: palate
floor: muscle
posterior: communicate with the orpharynx
palate
arched roof the oral cavity proper and floor of the nasal cavitie
hard palate
formed by parts of the maxillae and palatine bones, covered by a mucous membrane, filled with the tongue at rest. mucous provides immune function and has general sensory to pain
soft palate
moveable 1/3 of the palate
-extends posteroinferiorly with the uvula
lateral soft palate
muscles move down, maintain open airway
palatoglossal arch
palatopharyngeal arch
-joins palate and tongue
-join palate and pharynx
muscles of the soft palate
origin
insert
contract
function
origin: base of the skull and descend
insert: palate, pharynx, larynx
contract: pull on the skull base, move the pharynx, larynx or palate function: chew, swallow, open airway. can be elevated or pulled down inferiorly
muscular floor of oral cavity:
- genioglossus: tongue
- geniohyoid: mandible
- mylohyoid: deepest
tongue
-combination of intrinsic and extrinsic muscles
-function: assists in mastication, taste, swallowing, speech and oral cavity
extrinsic muscles of the tongue
and function
genioglossus, hyoglossus, styloglossus, palatoglossus
-alter position of the tongue
intrinsic muscles of the tongue
longitudinal, transverse, and vertical
function: regulate tongue shape
-remove from airway
-don’t act in isolation
innervation of the tongue:
CN XII hypoglossal nerve
salivary glands
-parotid: glossopharyngeal nerve
-submandibular nerve and sublingual nerve: facial nerve
-small accessory salivary glands scattered over the lips cheeks, tonsils, and tongue
function of the salivary glands
keeps the oral mucous membrane moist, lubricates food during mastication, begins starch digestion, assist in preventing tooth decay and support ability to taste
muscles of the mastication
-temporalis
-masseter
-medial pterygoid
-lateral pterygoi
muscles of mastication
temporalis
elevates the mandible, closing the jaw, and retracts the mandible
muscles of mastication
masseter
elevates the mandible, helps protude
muscles of mastication
lateral pytergoid muscle
acts bilateral, protacts mandible and depresses the chin
muscles of mastication
medial pterygoid muscle
acts as masseter to elevate
muscles of mastication
-innervation
trigeminal, mandibular nerve V3
oral cavity innervation
general sensation
-trigeminal V2: oral mucosa
-trigeminal V3: oral mucosa
-glossopharyngeal IX: palatine tonsil, soft palate, posterior 1/3 of tongue
oral cavity innervation
-visceral sensory
-glossopharyngeal IX: inferior pharynx and larynx mucosa
oral cavity innervation
motor
-trigeminal V3: muscles of mastication
-facial nerve VII: muscles of facial expression
-glossopharyngeal nerve: stylopharyngeous muscle
-vagus X: muscles of pharynx, larynx, palate, and palatoglossus
-hypoglossal XII: muscles of tongue, minus palatoglossus
oral cavity innervation
visceral motor
-facial nerve CN VII: salivary glands
-glossopharyngeal nerve CN IX: parotid gland
oral cavity innervation
special sense
-facial nerve VII: anterior 2/3 of tongue
-glossopharyngeal nerve IX: posterior 1/3 of tongue
-vagus nerve: epiglottis and root of the tongue
