male reproductive system

Question 1

male development of testis

Answer 1

testis begin to move toward the scrotum, pull blood supply and innervation with them, once they reach the inguinal region, they do not descend further until the 7th month

Question 2

what happens at 12 weeks in development?

Answer 2

reach inguinal region

Question 3

3 months in development

Answer 3

increase in testosterone encourages gubernaculum to shorten and draw the testis into the scrotum

Question 4

3 months in development
what is the guberanaculum

Answer 4

fibrous cord that attaches the inferior portion of the testis and the floor of the developing scrotal sac

Question 5

3 months in development
processes vaginalis

Answer 5

outpouching of the peritoneal lining in the abdomen, pokes through the layers of the abdominal wall into the developing scrotum

Question 6

the epididymis, ejaculatory duct, and ductus deferens arise from?

Answer 6

mesonephric duct

Question 7

formation of the inguinal canal

Answer 7

testis form the inguinal canal as it descends to scrotum, males have 2

Question 8

scrotum

Answer 8

sac of skin that extends to abdominopelvic cavity

Question 9

positioning of the scrotum

Answer 9

provides a cooler environment to permit sperm production

Question 10

2 muscles of the scrotum

Answer 10

-dartos muscle: from external oblique, wrinkles the skin
-cremaster muscle: form internal oblique, in spermatic cord

Question 11

structures of the testis

Answer 11

-seminiferous tubules: sites of sperm and hormone production, thin tube, sperm isn’t mobile
-epididymis: organ where sperm matures

Question 12

give the sequence of sperm traveling

Answer 12

1. seminferous tubules
2. epididymis
3. ductus deferens
4. ejaculatory duct (combines ductus deferens and seminal gland)
5. prostatic urethra
6. membranous urethra
7. spongy urethra
8. external meatus

Question 13

accessory sex glands

Answer 13

-seminal vesicles
-prostate gland
-bulbourethral glands

Question 14

seminal glands

Answer 14

elongated structures that lie between the fundus of the bladder and rectum
-function: secretes thick alkaline fluid that mixes with sperm as they pass into the ejaculatory ducts and urethra
-contains: fructose and nutrients, substances to enhance fertilzation

Question 15

ejaculatory duct

Answer 15

arise: by the union of seminal gland and ductus deferens near the neck of the bladder

Question 16

what secretions join the prostatic urethra after termination of the ejaculatory ducts

Answer 16

prostastic secretions

Question 17

bulbourethral gland

Answer 17

inferior to prostate, secrete mucus into urethral

Question 18

what tissue makes up the penis

Answer 18

-corpus spongiosum: ventral, urethra runs and is by the head of the penis. singular. covered by the bulbospongiosus
-corpus cavernosa: paired, erectile ability, provide rigidity.covered by the ischiocavernosus muscles
-both erect the penis

Question 19

glans penis

Answer 19

tip of the penis, surrounds the urethral opening, continous with corpus spongiosum

Question 20

prepuse

Answer 20

foreskin

Question 21

divisions of the penis

Answer 21

1. root
   - bulb: corpus spongiosum
   - crus: corpus cavernosa, anchors to ischium
2. shaft
3. glands

Question 22

male perineal muscles

Answer 22

-ischiocavernosus: covers crus and corpora cavernosa. internal to body. clamps crus, prevents outflow of veins, hardens during erection
-bulbospongiosus: covers bulb, mostly internal. expels all urine or semen from urethra, contracts pineal muscles and veins

Question 23

suspensory ligament

Answer 23

deep fascial connection to the pubic symphysis

Question 24

bucks fascia

Answer 24

deep fascia of the penile shaft continuous with the suspensory ligament

Question 25

fundiform ligament

Answer 25

condensation of ab wall fascia

Question 26

erection
-parasympathetic system

Answer 26

pro-erection; takes over
-allows relaxation of the smooth muscle and blood flows into erectile tissue

Question 27

erection
relationship between smooth muscle, erectile tissue, and muscles of the penis

Answer 27

smooth muscle allows blood to fill erectile tissue
expanding erectile tissue places pressure on the veins
bulbospongiosus and ischiocavernosus compress the veins restricting outflow of blood

Question 28

erection
parasympathetic nerves stimulate

Answer 28

bulbourethral glands and greater/lesser vestibular glands to secrete mucous, resulting in lubrication

Question 29

erection in both genders have

Answer 29

reflexogenic (stimulation), psychogenic (thought induced_, and nocturnal (REM sleep) component

Question 30

what are the two phases of ejaculation

Answer 30

emission and expulsion

Question 31

ejaculation
the sympathetic nervous system: emmision

Answer 31

-closes the neck of the bladder to prevent backflow
-contracts smooth muscle in the epidymis, ductus deferens, seminal vesicles, and prostate to coordinatlyey release secretions
-fluid to ducts

Question 32

ejaculation
somatic nervous system: expulsion

Answer 32

nerve: pudenal nerve
-coordinated rhythmic contraction of the muscle in the bladder neck, external urethra sphincter, urethra, bulbospongiosus, pelvic striated muscles project semen through the urethra and out of the meatus

Question 33

hypospadias

Answer 33

fusion of the urethral folds is incomplete

Question 34

hydrocele and hematocele

Answer 34

fluid of blood accumulation in the processes vaginalis

Question 35

ophimosis

Answer 35

foreskin cannot retract normally

Question 36

paraphimosis

Answer 36

retracted foreskin gets caught behind the glans and cannot be removed