ch.4 tissues; CT

Question 1

CT is the

Answer 1

most diverse and abundant type of tissue

Question 2

what are the two main types of connective tissue proper:

Answer 2

-loose connective tissue proper
-dense connective tissue proper

Question 3

characteristics of CT

Answer 3

-cells are situated in extracellular fluid-separated greatly
-ground substance
-the matrix of the CT is formed by the ground substance and fiber content
– loose vs dense CT is determined by the ratio of ground substance to fiber content

Question 4

ground substance

Answer 4

a clear, colorless, viscous fluid fixes the body water and fibers (collagen) within the intracellular space

Question 5

3 types of protein fibers

Answer 5

collagenous
elastic
reticular

Question 6

3 types of protein fibers
collagenous

Answer 6

bind bones and other tissues to eachother, tendons, ligaments, cartilage, intervertebral disc.

Question 7

3 types of protein fibers
elastic

Answer 7

allow organs to recoil; arteries and lungs

Question 8

3 types of protein fibers
reticular

Answer 8

a scaffolding matrix; good building block but cannot withstand stress; liver, bone marrow, lymph

Question 9

3 types of loose connective CT

Answer 9

areolar
adipose
reticular

Question 10

3 types of dense CT

Answer 10

irregular
regular
elastic

Question 11

mesenchyme (embryonic CT)
function
location

Answer 11

function: gives rise to all other connective tissue types
-location: primarily in the embryo

Question 12

loose connective tissue: areolar
function
location

Answer 12

function: wraps and cushions organs, phagocytize bacteria, aids in inflammation, holds and conveys fluid
location: under epithelia, forms lamina propria of mucous membranes, packages organs, surrounds capillaries*
-most prominent tissue

Question 13

loose connective tissue: adipose
function
location

Answer 13

function: nutrient storing, supports and protects
lcoation: under the skin in the hypodermis, around kidneys and eyes, and in breasts*

Question 14

loose connective tissue: reticular
function
location

Answer 14

function: fibers form a soft internal skeleton, supports cells
location: lymphoid organs, spleen*, bone marrow

Question 15

dense connective tissue: irregular
function
location

Answer 15

function: withstands tension, provides structural strength. contain thicker collagen fibers
location: dermis of the skin*.
-fibers run in different directions

Question 16

dense connective tissue: regular

Answer 16

function: attaches muscles to bones, withstands stress, the strongest tissue
location: tendons*. most ligaments

Question 17

dense connective tissue: elastic

Answer 17

function: allows recoil of tissue, stretching, has little extracellular fluid
location: walls of large arteries, walls of bronchial tubes*

Question 18

closest to

Answer 18

adventia

Question 19

CT surrounding an organ that is adjacent to a body cavity

Answer 19

serosa

Question 20

organ sheath

Answer 20

sometimes CT will form a tough sheet of tissue that strongly envelopes an organ

Question 21

fascia

Answer 21

generally CT that is found in places other than mentioned, and is deep to the skin. between the muscles

Question 22

special types of connective tissue:

Answer 22

cartilage, bone, and blood

Question 23

cartilage and functional properties

Answer 23

firm yet flexible
function: reinforcement and support, shape maintenance, and the ability to absorb compressive shock

Question 24

cartilage is found in various parts of the skeleton

Answer 24

-ends of long bones, cartilage of the ribs, trachea- protection and supports, cushioning properties
-framework of the ear and nose-shape maintenance
-discs between the individual vertebrae-shock absorption

Question 25

3 types of cartilage

Answer 25

hyaline
elastic
fibrocartilage

Question 26

cartilage
hyaline

Answer 26

function: supports and reinforces, resists stress
location: forms most of embryo, covers ends of bones, cartilage of the ribs*

Question 27

cartilage
elastic

Answer 27

function: maintains the shape of a structure-allows flexibility
location: external ear*

Question 28

cartilage
fibrocartilage

Answer 28

function: strength allows it to absorb shock
location: disc of knee joint, intervertebral disc*

Question 29

Bone

Answer 29

makes up the skeletal framework of the body
function: supports and protects by enclosing subdivisions of the dorsal body cavity, provides levers for muscles to act on and produce carious movements of different joints, stores calcium, minerals and fat, and is the site for blood cell formation

Question 30

blood

Answer 30

-most atypical type because it does not serve the functions of binding or support
function: vehicle of the cardiovascular system that allows transport of respiratory gases, defense cells, nutrients, wastes, and etc