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anatomy > female reproductive system > Flashcards

female reproductive system Flashcards

1
Q

development of internal reproductive organs
start:

A

week 5; start as masses of gonads (gonadal ridges) in the intermediate mesoderm on the posterior abdominal wall

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2
Q

dev of internal repro organs
mesonephric duct

A

future male duct

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3
Q

dev of internal repro organs
paramesonephric duct

A

future female ducts

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4
Q

dev of internal repro organs
sexually indifferent stage happens

A

week 5-6, both sexes have internal and external primordial structure

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5
Q

dev of internal repro organs
when does sexual differentiation begin

A

week 7-8

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6
Q

dev of internal repro organs
what happens during week 7-8

A

cortical portion of immature ovaries forms: ovarian follices
-paramesonephric duct: becomes uterus, uterine tubes, superior part of vagina
-mesonephric duct degrades

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7
Q

dev of external repro organs
what is the genital tubercule

A

present during the sexually indifferent stage, small projection on the external perineal surface

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8
Q

dev of external repro organs
urogenital sinus:

A

future urethra and bladder lie deep to genital tubercule

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9
Q

dev of external repro organs
urogenital groove

A

external opening of the urogenital sinus
-runs between the genital tubercule and anus and is laterally flanked by the urethral folds and labiosacral swellings

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10
Q

week 7-8 development in females:

A

genital tubercule-clitoris
urethral folds-labia minora
unfused labiosacral swellings-labia majora
urethral groove-vestibule

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11
Q

external genitalia components

A

mons pubis, labia majora, labia minora, clitoris, bulb of the vestibule, greater and lesser vestibular glands

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12
Q

internal genitalia components

A

ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, vagina

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13
Q

mons pubis

A

round fatty eminence overlying the pubic symphysis

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14
Q

labia majora

A

outer folds of skin that contain subcutaneous fat and the termination of the round ligament, less blood flow

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15
Q

labia minora

A

inner folds of fat free skin, have a core of spongy CT containing erectile tissue and many small blood vessels. internal aspects contain many sensory components

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16
Q

clitoris

A

erectile organ located where the labia minora meet anteriorly, consists of a root and a body, which are composed of 2 crura, 2 corpora cavernosa and the glans covered by prepuce

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17
Q

vestibule

A

space surrounded by the labia minora that contains the openings of the urethra, vagina, and the ducts of the greater and lesser vestibular glands

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18
Q

bulbs of the vestibule

A

paired masses of elongated erectile tissue along the sides of the vaginal orifice deep to the bulbospongiosus (compresses veins).

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19
Q

greater vestubular gland

A

on each side of the vestibule posterior to the vaginal orifice, glands open to vestibule and expel mucous during arousal

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20
Q

lesser vestibular glands

A

open between the urethral and vaginal orifices and secrete mucous

21
Q

perinneal muscles

A
  1. ischiocavernosus
  2. bulbospongiosus
  3. superficial transverse perineal muscle
22
Q

ischiocavernosus

A

maintains erection of the clitoris by compressing outflow veins

23
Q

bulbospongiosus

A

sphincter of the vagina, assists in the erection of the clitoris and bulb of the vestibule and compress the greater vestibular gland. compresses veins

24
Q

superficial transverse perineal muscle

A

supports and fixes the perineal body and pelvic floor to support viscera- anchors

25
Q

vagina

A

mostly sub peritoneal Musculo membranous tube that extends from the cervix of the uterus to the vestibule of the vagina
function: canal for fluid, inferior birth canal, and reproduction
structure: typically collapsed

26
Q

vaginal fornix

A

recess around the protruding cervix, has anterior, posterior, and lateral parts. prone to infections

27
Q

arteries of the vagina

A

derive from the internal iliac artery

28
Q

uterine arteries supply

A

superior vagina

29
Q

middle and inferior vagina derive from

A

vaginal and pudendal arteries

30
Q

veins

A

form plexus along the sides of the vagina and within the vaginal mucosa and drain into the internal iliac veins via the uterine veins

31
Q

ovaries

A

female gonad, releases egg

32
Q

the ovaries are connected to the body wall via

A

mesenteries and ligaments
not attached directly to the uterine tubes

33
Q

ovaries are suspended by

A

mesovarium; broad ligament

34
Q

uterus

A

hallow, thick walled muscular organ, receives retains and nourishes the fertilized egg

35
Q

adult uterus

A

usually tipped forward, position changes relative to the degree of fullness of the bladder and rectum

36
Q

divisions of the uterus

A

-body: includes the rounded fundus, constricted isthmus, uterine horns, moveable
-cervix: cylindrical, narrow and inferior part of the uterus, prevents immature release of baby

37
Q

describe the uterine wall

A
  1. perimetrium: outer serous coat, consists of peritoneum, and CT
  2. Myometrium: middle and muscular coat that distends significantly during pregnancy, location of the main blood vessels and nerves
  3. endometrium: inner membrane layer. shed during periods and site of implantation, thickness is important
38
Q

uterine fallopian tubes

A

location: lateral from uterine horns, lie in mesosalpinx in broad ligament
same 3 layers

39
Q

4 parts of the uterine tubes

A

infundibulum: funnel, distal end opens into the peritoneal cavity
ampulla: widest and longest part
isthmus: enters uterine horn
uterine portion: short intramural segment

40
Q

what are the 3 types of ligaments of the uterus and ovaries

A
  1. suspensory ligament of the ovary
  2. round ligament of the uterus
  3. broad ligament
41
Q

suspensory ligament of the ovary

A

lateral extension of the broad ligament over the ovarian vessels

42
Q

round ligament of the uterus

A

anchors uterus to anterior body wall, to labium majora

43
Q

broad ligament

A

double layer of peritoneum that extends from the sides of the uterus to the lateral walls and floor of the pelvis
-mesometrium: mesentery of uterus
-mesosalpinx: mesentery of the uterine tube
-mesovarium: mesentery of ovary

44
Q

mammary glands

A

modified sweat glands found between epithelial tissue

45
Q

suspensory ligament of the uterus

A

thickenings of fascia that anchor breast to skin and separate glandular and flat lobules- CT

46
Q

lactiferous duct

A

lubes drain into, collect milk and transport to lactiferous sinus

47
Q

hysterectomy

A

excision of the uterus is performed through the lower abdominal wall or the vagina
-avoid clamping uterine artery

48
Q

pudendal and ilio-inguinal nerve blocks

A

relieve pain
-pudendal: crosses the lateral aspect of sacospinous ligament, near ischial spine
-ilioinguinal nerve: anterior part of perineum

anatomy (42 decks)

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