blood supply, inner., and joints of lower limb Flashcards
innervation of lower limb is a combination of
lumbar and sacral plexus (L4-S4)
what are the two nerves that come off lumbar plexus
-femoral nerve: innervates anterior thigh
-obturator nerve: innervates mediator thigh muscles
lumbosacral trunk merges with _______ to form the ________
sacral plexus
sciatic nerve
sciatic nerve
thickest and longest nerve in the body, innervates posterior thigh, leg, and foot
-L4,L5, S123
branches of sciatic nerve
tibial nerve: most hamstrings except short head of biceps femoris
fibular nerve: short head of biceps femoris, anterior leg, and lateral leg
innervation of lateral leg
superficial fibular nerve
innervation of anterior leg
deep fibular nerve
innerv of posterior leg
tibial nerve
arterial supply of the thigh and glutes origin
abdominal aorta
abdominal aorta splits into:
-external iliac
-internal iliac
thigh
external iliac
crosses thigh and becomes artery
thigh
internal iliac
supplies blood to pelvic cavity
thigh
femoral artery
from external; chief artery of lower limb. supplies anterior and anteromedial aspects of the thigh
thigh
profunda femoral artery:
branch from femoral artery, chief artery of the thigh , supplies muscles of the medial, posterior and lateral parts of anterior compartment
thigh
circumflex femoral artery:
branch from deep, goes around the head and neck of femur, medial and lateral
thigh
popliteal artery
continuation of femoral artery, ina the popliteal fossa, posterior to knee
thigh
obturator artery
from internal iliac, supplies adductors of the thigh and hamstrings
leg
popliteal branches into
tibial and fibular artery
leg
tibial artery dives into the
anterior and posterior
leg
anterior tibial:
anterior leg, continues to dorsalis pedis artery, muscles on dorsum
leg
posterior tibial:
posterior leg, continues to lateral and medial plantar arteries
deep veins of lower limbs
the same as arteries
superficial veins of lower limb
-great saphenous vein: pre-axial comp. medial side of ankle.ascends anterior to medial malleolus and drains into the femoral artery.
-small saphenous vein: post axial comp, posterior midline. ascends posterior to lateral malleolus and drains into popliteal artery
superficial vein
great saphenous vein
ascends anterior to medial malleolus and drains into the femoral vein
superficial vein
small saphenous vein
ascends posterior to the lateral malleolus and empties into the popliteal vain
sciatica
lower back pain caused by a herniated dick in the lower back that pinches nerve roots, prior to sciatic nerve proper being formed
hip joint
ball and socket multi axial
strong ligaments in the hip joint
iliofemoral
pubofemoral
ischiofermoral
medial circumflex artery
supplies most of the blood to the head and neck of the femur
knee joint
bicondylar hinge joint
flexion, extension, medial, and lateral rotation
composed: femur, tibia, and patella
what stabilizes the knee joint
patellar ligament: flex and extend
fibular and collateral ligaments: FCL LCC
cruciate ligament: anterior and posterior ACL PCL
menisci of knee joint
medial and lateral crescent plates of fibrocartilage
anterior cruciate ligament:
ACL
prevents posterior displacement of the femur on the tibia and hyperextension of the knee joint
posterior cruciate ligament
PCL
prevents anterior displacement of the femur on the tibia or posterior displacement of the tibia on the femur, prevents hyperflexion of knee joint
pulse point of femoral artery
press inferiorly to inguinal ligament and at the midpoint between the pubic symphysis and anterior superior iliac spine
pulse point of posterior tibial artery
palpate between the posterior surface of medial malleous and medial border of the calcaneal tendon
pulse point of pedis artery
dorsal surface of the foot lateral to the tibialis anterior tendon
