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anatomy > brain > Flashcards

brain Flashcards

1
Q

brain is part of what

A

CNS and cranial cavity

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2
Q

development of brain
week 4

A

the brain develops from the rostral part of the nueral tube
-3 constrictions appear:
-forebrain
-midbrain
-hindbrain

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3
Q

development of brain
week 5

A

the primary vesicles give rise to 5 secondary vesciles
-brain develops into two major bends: midbrain and cervical

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4
Q

week 5
what are the 5 secondary vesicles

A

-telencephalon: cerebral hemispheres and cerebru,
-diencephalon: thalamus, hypothalamus, epithalamus
-mesencephalon: mid brain
-melencephalon: medulla oblongata
-central cavity enlarges in specific regions and forms hollow ventricles

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5
Q

what are the basic parts of the brain

A

brain stem
cerebellum
diencephalon
cerebrun
gray and white matter

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6
Q

gray matter

A

inner region

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7
Q

white matter

A

hollow ventricles

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8
Q

cortex

A

additional gray matter regions extending in the cerebrum and cerebellum

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9
Q

brain nuclei

A

all the other gray matter in the form of irregularly shapes clusters of neuron cell bodies

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10
Q

ventricles

A

hollow; expansions of the central cavity and are continuous with one another
-filled with CSF and is the site for CSF production

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11
Q

what are the types of ventricles

A

(2) lateral ventricles
(1) third ventricle
(1) fourth ventricle

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12
Q

lateral ventricles

A

surrounded by the cerebral cortex

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13
Q

third ventricle

A

within the diencephalon and connects to each lateral ventricle

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14
Q

fourth ventricle

A

within the brain step, dorsal to the pons

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15
Q

cerebral aqueduct

A

passes through the midbrain and connects the 3rd and 4th ventricles

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16
Q

brain stem function

A

most primitive and caudal part of the brain
-function:
-passageway for nerve connections fiber tracks between the cerebrum and the spinal cord.
-involved in face and neck innervation
-10-12 spinal nerves connect
-highly programmed behaviors ensure survival

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17
Q

medulla oblongata
pons
midbrain

A

brain stem

18
Q

medulla oblongata

A

regulates the cardiac center, vasomotor center, blood pressure, respiratory center, hiccuping, swallowing, coughing, sneezing

19
Q

caudal portion of medulla oblongata

A

has decussation pyramids
-voluntary motor fibers that cross and control voluntary movements on the opposite side of the body

20
Q

midbrain has the

A

corpora quadrigemina
-forms 4 bumps on the dorsal surface of the midbrain
-superior (visual reflexes)
-inferior colliculi (sound reflexes)

21
Q

cerebellum

A

2nd largest part of the brain
functions: body movements, posture, equilibrium, retention of motor skills, motor memory, cogntion

22
Q

the cerebellum has

A

a vermis, folia, and fissures

23
Q

vermis

A

2 hemispheres connected medially by a wormlike vermis

24
Q

folia

A

surface folded into ridges

25
Q

fissures

A

deep grooves

26
Q

damage to the cerebellum causes

A

slow jerky movements
and will only affect one side of the body

27
Q

what are the regions of the diencephalon

A

thalamus
hypothalamus
epithalamus

28
Q

thalamus

A

sensory nuclei for conscious senses, gateway to cerebrum

29
Q

hypothalamus

A

visceral control center, regulates ANS, emotions, hunger, memory

30
Q

epithalamus

A

houses pineal gland: melatonin

31
Q

cerebrum

A

largest part of brain
split into two hemispheres

32
Q

cerebrum
transverse cerebral fissure

A

separates the cerebrum from the cerebellum inferioirly

33
Q

cerebrum
longitudinal fissure

A

separates right and left hemispheres

34
Q

cerebrum
sulci

A

shallow grooves

35
Q

cerebrum
gyri

A

twisted ridges between sulci

36
Q

cerebrum
divides into 5 lobes per hemisphere

A

frontal: anterior cranial fossa
parietal
occipital
temporal: middle cranial fossa
insula: covered by frontal, parietal and temporal lobes

37
Q

cerebral cortex

A

function: controls the conscious mind, communication , understanding, voluntary
-made of gray matter

38
Q

what are the regions of the cerebral cortex

A

sensory areas: conscious awareness of sensation
association: interpret info to allow motor action
motor areas: control voluntary motor functions

39
Q

cerebral white matter

A

deep to gray, consists of fibers, many are myelinated and bundled

40
Q

corpus collosum

A

links right and left cerebral hemi

anatomy (42 decks)

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