Nutrition Test 3

Question 1

What are the three lipids?

Answer 1

triglycerides, sterols, cholesterol

Question 2

what is the chemical structure of a saturated fatty acid?

Answer 2

contains no double bonds between carbons. There are no additional hydrogen atoms that are incorporated.

Question 3

What is the chemical structure of monounsaturated fatty acid?

Answer 3

Has only one double bond between carbons

Question 4

What is the chemical structure of polyunsaturated fatty acid?

Answer 4

Has two or more double bonds

Question 5

examples of saturated fats

Answer 5

cheese, dairy, beef, pizza

Question 6

Examples of monounsaturated fats

Answer 6

Fruits and vegetables, baked potato, nuts and seeds, pork, oils

Question 7

Examples of polyunsaturated fats

Answer 7

Fish, safflower oil, peanut oil, olive oil, corn oil

Question 8

Omega-3 PUFA food sources

Answer 8

Fish, oils, seeds, canola, soybean, green leafy veggies

Question 9

What is hydrogenation?

Answer 9

A chemical process that adds hyrdrogen. In food processing, used to make oils more solid

Question 10

Foods that are hydrogenated

Answer 10

margarine, shortening, white bread, tortilla shells, fast food, donuts, icecream, peanut butter

Question 11

Chemical structure of medium-chain triglycerides

Answer 11

contains 6-10 carbon atoms.

Question 12

What is a medium-chain triglyceride?

Answer 12

the 6-10 carbon atoms rapidly absorb via the portal vein and are easily transported into the mitochondria.

Question 13

What is the medium-chain triglyceride advertised as?

Answer 13

being an energy source that is readily available as a carbohydrate.

Question 14

Definition of a diet

Answer 14

Consists of the food and drink that a person normally consumes

Question 15

What is one drink of alcohol?

Answer 15

1/2 ounces or about 15mL of ethanol.

Question 16

How does caffeine enhance performance?

Answer 16

it stimulates the CNS, resulting in a heightened sense of awareness, a decreased perception of effort, and an increased pain threshold

Question 17

How does caffeine affect weight loss?

Answer 17

by itself, it has not been shown to have a substantial effect.
Caffeine does enhance effect of ephedrine, which is a dietary supplement used for weight loss.

Question 18

What is nutritiona periodization?

Answer 18

Diet plan that has been divided into distinct periods to support training and performance. Has off seasons

Question 19

How many calories do most alcoholic drinks contain?

Answer 19

7 kcal/g so about 100-150kcal

Question 20

What are discretionary calories?

Answer 20

Amount of kilocalories needed to maintain energy balance after carbohydrate, protein, and fat recommendations have been met

Question 21

What is nutrient density?

Answer 21

Food that is rich in nutrients for the amound of kilocalories it contains

Question 22

What is the key to eating nutriously wihtout consuming excess kilocalories?

Answer 22

Choose foods that have a high nutrient density

Question 23

What are nutrient dense foods? Examples

Answer 23

skim milk, fresh fruits and veggies, whole grains, beans, and legumes, low fat meat, fish, etc

Question 24

What are empty calories?

Answer 24

foods that lack nutrients

Question 25

What happens if you long-term consume excess empty calories?

Answer 25

may contribute to obesity and malnutrition

Question 26

What is normal eating?

Answer 26

flexible, diet is moderate, balanced, and varied involves some constraint, but not overly-strict discipline

Question 27

What is an athletes normal eating?

Answer 27

may be more constrained and less flexible due to the demands of training but not an obsession

Question 28

What is disordered eating?

Answer 28

Deviation from normal but not a defined eating disorder Not easily defined or recognized Inability to eat when hungry/ stop when full Having rigid eating pattern overemphasizing food and weight overly restraining intake of certain foods

Question 29

Characteristics of athletes with disordered eating

Answer 29

classify foods as good or bad Punish themselves with exercise when consuming bad foods no desert on any occasion

Question 30

Are eating disorders psychiatric diseases? Why

Answer 30

Yes, because it is a mental/ behavioral disorder. they usually have underlying issues

Question 31

Characteristics of anorexia athletica

Answer 31

Reduced body weight and loss of body fat is performance related Loss of body weight results in a lean physique weight cycling is usually present Restriction of food intake and/or excessive exercise is voluntary or at the suggestion of a coach/trainer Present while competing but ceases after competitive career ends

Question 32

Characteristics of muscle dysmorphia

Answer 32

becoming excessively focused on what they perceive to be body defects more prevalent in males than females rely on dietary supplements and anabolic steroids in an effort to build more skeletal muscle mass and lose body fat preoccupation with gaining muscle mass

Question 33

Disordered eating's effect on performance:

Answer 33

initially increases due to hormones produced during starvation masking fatigue, but long-term declines

Question 34

Disordered eating's effect on muscle mass:

Answer 34

dereased or inability to increase muscle mass with resistance training

Question 35

Disordered eating's effect on bone density

Answer 35

decrease

Question 36

Treatment for disordered eating

Answer 36

psychological, nutritional, and medical components