Mechanical Principles Final

Question 1

What’s Newtons first law of motion?

Answer 1

law of inertia

a body at rest will stay at rest or continue at a constant velocity and in a straight line unless acted upon by an external unbalanced force

Question 2

Newtons second law of motion

Answer 2

law of acceleration

acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the force acting on it, is in the same direction of the force acting on it, and is inversely related to the mass of the object.

Question 3

Newtons third law of motion

Answer 3

For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction

Question 4

What is force?

Answer 4

Mass X acceleration

Question 5

What is velocity?

Answer 5

displacement/time
or
v=s/t

Question 6

What is speed?

Answer 6

d/t
or
distance/time

Question 7

what is impulse?

Answer 7

f X t
or
change in momentum

Question 8

What is acceleration?

Answer 8

change in velocity/ change in time
or
A=f/m

Question 9

What is momentum?

Answer 9

mass X velocity

Question 10

what is work?

Answer 10

force X distance

Question 11

what is power?

Answer 11

(force X distance)/ time
or
work/time
or
force X velocity

Question 12

Surface drag

Answer 12

drag derived from friction between the fluid and the object pasing through the fluid boundary

Question 13

Wave drag

Answer 13

drag derived from the generation of waves at the interface between two different fluids, such as air and water

Question 14

form drag

Answer 14

derived from a pressure differential between the lead and rear sides of a body moving through a fluid

Question 15

def. of drag

Answer 15

collection of fluid forces that tend to oppose the action an athlete is performing

Question 16

3 types of friction

Answer 16

static, >sliding,> rolling

Question 17

what is static friction?

Answer 17

between the surfaces of two objects in contact with each other

is the resistive force for the initiation of movement

roughness and weight of an object

Question 18

What is sliding friction?

Answer 18

a type of kinetic frictions

resistive force between the surfaces of two sliding objects

Question 19

What is rolling friction?

Answer 19

type of kinetic friction

resistive force of the suface of one object rolling over the surface of another object

Question 20

What is rolling friction affected by?

Answer 20

friction between two surfaces in contact
pressure or weight between the two surfaces
diameter of the rolling object

Question 21

What is strength?

Answer 21

amount of force produced in a single effort

Question 22

what is energy?

Answer 22

ability to perform work

Question 23

kinetic energy def. and equation

Answer 23

energy in action

KE=1/2mv^2

Question 24

what is potential energy?

Answer 24

stored energy ready for use

Question 25

What is strain energy?

Answer 25

stored energy in obstacles that are strained but can be restored to their orginal shape rubber band

Question 26

How do you increase stability

Answer 26

decrease height of COG increase BOS increase mass

Question 27

What is stability?

Answer 27

amount of resistance ued to prevent the loss of balance maintaining the line of gravity within the BOS

Question 28

What is lift?

Answer 28

a force acting on a body in a fluid in a direction perpendicular to the fluid flow

Question 29

What affect drag?

Answer 29

increased air temp increased humidity increased altitude

Question 30

drag def.

Answer 30

collection of fluid forces that tend to oppose the actions an athlete is performing Drag forces always act in opposite direction

Question 31

How do you increase apex for projectiles

Answer 31

increase angle of release up to 90 degrees increase height of release increase velocity of release

Question 32

how doy you increase distance for projectiles?

Answer 32

increase andgle of relesase up to 45 degrees from ground increase heigh of release increase velocity of release

Question 33

how do you increase angular momentum?

Answer 33

increase mass of what is rotating shift mass away from axis of rotation increase angular velocity

Question 34

equation for potential energy

Answer 34

mgh

Question 35

What is a projectile?

Answer 35

something or someone traveling through the air that will eventually hit the ground

Question 36

Angle of release: | What Does it determine? And the three types of releases

Answer 36

Determines shape of flight path. Straight vertical, above 45° – height>distance Below 45- distance > height 45- distance=height Straight vertical

Question 37

what is centripetal force?

Answer 37

inward pull

Question 38

what is centrifugal force?

Answer 38

outward pull

Question 39

angular velocity def.

Answer 39

rate of spin of an athlete or object

Question 40

rotary inertia def

Answer 40

resistance to change in rotation

Question 41

equation for RI

Answer 41

mr^2

Question 42

how do you increase RI

Answer 42

increase mass of object to be rotated | increase radial distribution of the mass in relation to the axis of rotation

Question 43

What is angular momentum?

Answer 43

the quantity of motion that a rotating athlete or object possesses

Question 44

how do you increase angular momentum?

Answer 44

increase mass of object rotating distribute mass further from the axis of rotation increase angular velocity

Question 45

angular momentum equation

Answer 45

mr^2 X angular vel. | RI X AV

Question 46

what is the relationship between RI and ang. vel

Answer 46

inverse relationship

Question 47

what is angular acceleration

Answer 47

change of rate of rotation in radius

Question 48

torque

Answer 48

force X force arm | resistance X resistance arm

Question 49

Lever classes and advantages

Answer 49

1st- balance 2nd- increased torque--things feel lighter 3rd- increase ROM and velocity

Question 50

nonrepetitive skills

Answer 50

discrete skills Shifts from one skill to another- swing bat then run follow through is a deceleration phase builds momentum from one skill to the next-tumbling teach each skill separately add additional skills and teach the rhythm and patterns when combining multiple skills

Question 51

repetitive skills

Answer 51

skill is continuously repeated, one complete cycle of skill leads to the next Swimming

Question 52

Open skills

Answer 52

skills performed in unpredictable environments opponent attempts to foild your physical objective Basketball game pitches are dif every time in game

Question 53

Closed skills

Answer 53

skills that are perfomred under predictable environments No opponent same required action/movement every time Easier to train for because you can create a practice environmnent that is the same as comp. Shooting a free throw, weight lifting-comp.

Question 54

Sequential

Answer 54

happening one after the other

Question 55

simultaneous

Answer 55

happens all at once

Question 56

summation of forces

Answer 56

sum of all muscle action produce end result regarding power output

Question 57

Archimedes principle

Answer 57

buoyant force acting on a body is equal to the weight of the fluid displaces by the body

Question 58

buoyancy def.

Answer 58

tendency for something to float | direction always vertically upward, against gravity

Question 59

What does lift increase with?

Answer 59

inc. in velocity of fluid flow inc. in the surafce area of the flat side of the foil inc. in the density of the fluid

Question 60

Bernouli's principle

Answer 60

inverse relationship between relative velocity and relative pressure in a fluid flow Regions of low velocity are associated with regions of high pressure

Question 61

Magnus Effect

Answer 61

pressure differential created by a spinning body deviation in the trajectory of a spinning object toward the direction of spin Inverse relationship between velocity and pressure

Question 62

What is buoyancy force?

Answer 62

weight of water displaced by an object submerged in flui