Kines. Test 2 Flashcards
Arousal
State of bodily energy or physical and mental readiness.
Results from the ways in which athletes minds and bodies respond to competition or the ways in which those involved in exercise respond to pa.
Falls along a continuum Ranging from very low to extremely high.
Inverted- u
How many calories are in 1 pound.
3500 calories
Inverted-U
A model that states that people perform better at moderate levels of arousal.
Athletes performance increases as their arousal levels increase up to an optimal or moderate point, after which athletes go “over the top” and performance decreases as their arousal levels become too high
Extrinsic motivation
People engage in a certain behavior to gain some external reward from that participation.
Ex. Winning a trophy or losing weight.
Rewards and punishments are often used to motivate individuals.
Enhance motivation only in the short-term and do not fuel long term commitment
intrinsic motivation
Motivation from within. Involves engaging in behavior because you enjoy the process and gain pleasure and satisfaction from the participation.
Serves as a long-term fueling process for commitment and achievement of important goals.
Burnout
Involves feelings of mental, emotional, and physical exhaustion.
Exhaustion leads to negative moods and feelings and negative change in response to other people.
Feel a lack of accomplishment, which decreases their performance level and feelings of self esteem. Causes people to become disillusioned from their involvement in an activity.
Occurs when certain personality characteristics of people interact with life stressors.
How to prevent burnout
Coaches and trainers should encourage a challenge and Variety in training.
take appropriate recovery time, play other sports during off-season of main sport, incorporate other activities to break away from the common sport, and avoid playing year around
Specificity
One of the most important and easy to replicate principles in motor behavior.
Special practice drills to improve playing performance.
Only practice conditions that are similar to actual game performance will benefit performance in athletic contests
Benefits of field work research
Requires minimal equipment, and can be used to screen large numbers of people in a short time period.
Disadvantages of field work research
Difficult to monitor physiological responses, controlling exercise intensity, and controlling environmental conditions.
Advantages of lab work research
Greater opportunity to control factors that can affect responses to exercise such as temperature and humidity variations.
More accurate
Disadvantages to laboratory work research
Cycle ergometer- oxygen uptake is generally lower and fatigue occurs earlier because the biker uses only the legs
Need special equipment.
Machines don’t always properly take everything into account.
Some people do tests differently so it’s not accurate. Think pinch fat test
BMI
Kg/ m squared
Choking
The sudden or progressive deterioration of performance below the typical and expected level of expertise for a person performing under pressure.
Person is seemingly incapable of regaining control over his performance.
Focus on perceived inadequacies or fear they will be able to perform well.
We attempt to consciously control performance which is not possible at high-levels of performance
Imagery
Mental technique that programs the mind to respond as programmed.
Uses ones senses to create or recreate an expertise in the mind.
Seeing is believing
Images guide our beliefs and beliefs guide our performance
