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Exercise Physiology Test 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What is systole?

A

highest arterial pressure measured after left ventricular contraction

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2
Q

What is diastole?

A

lowest arterial pressure measured during left ventricular relaxation

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3
Q

what is normal BP

A

120/80

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4
Q

What is hypertension? number wise

A

140/90

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5
Q

Why is diastole still important?

A

It is the number that is constantly putting pressure on your organs

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6
Q

hypertension def

A

high blood pressure

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7
Q

What does the P-Wave signal?

Location?

A

First to go

Signals atria contracting (depolorizing)

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8
Q

What is the QRS Complex?

A

Signals the ventricles depolorizing

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9
Q

What is the T-Wave?

A

Charging up the ventricles (repolorization)

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10
Q

What is tachycardia?

A

sympathetic influence
cetecholamine release (norepinephrine/ Epi)
Speeds up heart rate

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11
Q

What is bradychardia?

A

Slows down heart rate
parasympathetic influence
acetylcholine released

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12
Q

What is VO2 Max in maximal oxygen consumption?

A

Max Q X Max a-vO2 difference

cardiac output X Maximum oxygen difference in arteries and veins

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13
Q

Def. of arteries

A

provides the high-pressure tubing that conducts oxygenated blood to the tissues

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14
Q

Def. of capillaries

A

site of gas, nutrient, and waste exchange

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15
Q

veins

A

provides a large systemic blood reservoir and conducts deoxygenated blood back to the heart

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16
Q

What is stroke volume?

A

amount of blood ejected from Left Ventricle per heart beat

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17
Q

What is ejection fraction?

A

amount of blood pumped from LV realtive to the total amount of blood received

18
Q

What is cardiac output?

A

amount of blood kicked out of body in one minute.
Should be 5L of blood for everyone

HR X SV. SV is most important

19
Q

What is “athletes heart”?

A

a slow heart beat due to being in good shape. Heart doesn’t have to work as much because it can push more blood out per beat. Also called “vagal Dominance”

20
Q

What is maximal oygen consumption?

A

VO2 Max. Its measuring oxygen difference in arteries and veins times max cardiac output

21
Q

What is ischemia?

A

an inadequate blood supply to an organ or part of the body, especially the heart muscles.

Low oxygen

22
Q

What is the Frank Starling Law of the Heart?

A

When you increase LV sie, it pushes more blood out. Rubber band effect
an increase in end-diastolic volume stretches myocardial fibers, causing powerful ejection stroke as the heart contracts

23
Q

What is myoglobin?

A

Iron-protein compound that is in skeletal and cardiac muscles.

a red protein containing heme that carries and stores oxygen in muscle cells.

24
Q

what is hemoglobin?

A

a red protein responsible for transporting oxygen in the blood of vertebrates.

25
Q

CO2 as bicarbonate

A

70% of CO2 combines with water to form carbonic acid.

26
Q

What is partial pressures?

A

amount of gas concentration in a given volume

27
Q

how do you calculate partial pressures?

A

Percentage concentration X total pressure of gas mixture(760)

28
Q

What is myocardial workload?

A

how hard your heart has to work to pump blood through body

29
Q

How is myocardial workload expressed?

A

RPP=SBP X HR

Beats per minute per mm of Hg

30
Q

What is ventilatory threshold?

A

the point at which pulmonary ventilation icreases disproportionately with oxygen uptake during graded exercise

31
Q

anaerboic threshold

A

an abrupt increase in Ve/VO2
Caused by nonmetabolic CO2 production due to lactic acid buffering
(Bonk eventually from switching to ATP/PC)

32
Q

What is tidal volume?

A

air moved during either the inspiration or expiratory phase of each breathing cycle.
Normal breathing

33
Q

What is forced vital capacity?

A

the most amount of air you can inhale and exhale

34
Q

Total lung capacity?

A

everything in the lungs. Forced plus residual

35
Q

Residual Volume

A

air left over that you can never exhale

36
Q

ERV

A

greatest amount of air that can go out of lungs

37
Q

IRV

A

greatest amount of air that can come into lungs

38
Q

Minute ventilation

A

breathing rate X total volume

39
Q

Alveolar ventilation

A

portion of minute ventilation that mixes with the air in the aveolar chambers

40
Q

Anatomy of breathing

A

lungs, trachea, mouth/nose, alveoli, bronchis

DIAPHRAGM

41
Q

What happens during acute exercise?

A

Sv increases. Reach maximum at about 50% VO2max.

42
Q

Where does extra blood go to during exercise?

A

MUSCLESSSSSS
Brain
Skin

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