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Exercise Physiology Final Flashcards

1
Q

VO2 Max Def.

A

describes the highest oxygen uptake achieved despite increases in exercise intensity

Total amount of oxygen used in exercise- delivered to muscles and utilized for energy purposes

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2
Q

What does a VO2 Max indicate?

A

an individuals capacity to aerobicall resynthese ATP

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3
Q

What is relationship between oxygen uptake and exercise intensity during climb up first several hills?

A

relates linearly and in direct proportion

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4
Q

Which is the only energy system used when exercising about VO2 Max?

A

anaerboic glycolysis (ATP PC)

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5
Q

What are the factors that affect VO2 Max

A

exercise mode and persons training state, heredity, gender, body comp, and age

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6
Q

Why is fat RQ .7 instead of 1?

A

Because beta oxidation is skipped during glycolysis

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7
Q

What is the RQ for carb, lipid, protein?

A

1
.7
.82

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8
Q

RQ measured during max exercise is BLANK than resting exercise

A

greater than

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9
Q

Which of following activities would it be hardest to measure energy expenditure?

A

full court basketball game

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10
Q

The winggate test measures:

A

both ATP PC and glycolytic

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11
Q

Two types of calorimetry

A

open

closed

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12
Q

heart rate in relation to VO2 Max is………

A

10% higher

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13
Q

RER= 1.5 during treadmill test. this means subject is:

A

at max capacity

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14
Q

For cycle ergometer, how is it calc

A

flywheel X resistance X rpm

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15
Q

Question about economy of running:

A

Children are less economical

Trained runners are more economical than untrained runners

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16
Q

Oxygen content of exhaled air measured during open circuit spirometry is BLANK than ambient air

A

Less than

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17
Q

What is the criteria for VO2 Max?

A

there is a leveling off in oxygen consumption with increasing exercise intensity

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18
Q

which activity uses ATP and glycolytic system

A

800m run

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19
Q

How do you find calories

For 100kg person

A

3.5X body weight in kg.
divide by 1000
mult. by 5

1.75cal.

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20
Q

BMR is about BLANK in women than in men

A

5-10% lower

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21
Q

Lactate threshold Question

A

can increase up to about 90% of VO2
is always below VO2 Max
increases with HIIT training

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22
Q

Individuals training short term……(such as HIIT Training)

A

higher levels of muscle blood lactate
greater glycogen depletion
enhanced capacity to generate energy from anaerobic sources

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23
Q

Physical activity accounts for BLANK of a persons Total Daily Energy Expenditure

A

15-30%

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24
Q

oxygen consumption measurement

A

ml per kg per body weight per minute

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25
100kg person is walking at 3 mets, how many calories are they burning?
100kgX 3.5 divided by 1000 times 5 this gets calories Next mult. cal (1.75) times mets (3) equals 5.25cal per minute
26
Difference between VO2 max in males and females
females are 1-10% lower
27
Energy system that measure lactate threshold?
occurs at end of glycolysis
28
Average Met value for college aged male
6.5 METS
29
Left side of heart sends out blood to: Systemic or pulmonary
Systemic circulation
30
blood is pumped from Left ventricle to the :
Aorta
31
BP is a product of:
cardiac output and total peripheral resistance
32
The QRS complex of ECG represents:
Ventricle depolarization
33
Hypertension is (number wise)
140/90
34
T wave is:
ventricular repolarization
35
p wave is:
atrial depolorization
36
Diastolic pressure during exercise Q:
should increase no more than 5mm
37
During bouts of exercise, what happens to heart rate?
Increases
38
Tachycardia is:
greater than 100 heart beats
39
what is an electrocardiagram?
spillage of electrical signals only
40
Cardiac output is:
Stroke volume and heart rate
41
Resting amount of blood out is how many liters
5L
42
cardiac output and max cardiac relationship
direct and linear relationship
43
Highest oxygen consumption q
VO2Max
44
Decrease in stroke volume is
ischemia
45
which protocol determines true VO2 max in America
Treadmill Unless you have someone who bikes tons
46
What is the frank starling law?
more myocardial stretches, more forceful it contracts
47
iron containing molecular protein pigment found in RBC i:
hemoglobin
48
iron containing molecular protein pigment found in muscle is:
myoglobin
49
term that talks about oxygen between atrial and mixed blood is
avo2 difference
50
what is HR X SV X Avo2 difference
max aerobic capacity
51
what is product of concentration of gas X total pressure of gas
partial pressure
52
What provides a convenient estimate of myocardial workload?
RPP Rate, pressure, product HRX
53
What is minute ventilation
tidal volume X breathing rate
54
carbon dioxide is carried mostly:
because acidity of carbon dioxide is mixed with water to form carbonic acid in blood
55
Large breathing muscle
diaphragm
56
the point at which pulmonary ventilation is increased is:
ventilatory threshold
57
During exercise, you cannot change amount of blood that is going to:
heart and brain
58
after exercise, BLANK remains BLANK for up to 12 hours
BP | Lower
59
residual volume is:
amount of air left in lungs after air has been exhaled out of lung
60
During Bohr effect shifts curve:
down and to the right
61
What is forced exhalation against a closed glottis?
Vasalva Movement
62
The Bohr effect is:
a shift of oxygen in a dissociation cure
63
Carbonic acid is:
acidic, carbonic acid, buffered by sodium bicarbonate
64
How do you measure partial pressure of oxygen?
Percentage concentration X total pressure of gas mixture(760) Oxygen is 20.93 X 760-----> divide by 1000=159
65
Digestive efficiency between protein, lipids, and fats
97% for carbs are digested 95% for lipids 92% for protein
66
Glycolysis input
Carbohydrates Triglycerides Proteins (rarely) 2 ATP
67
General ouput of glycolysis
2 net ATP Pyruvate Lactate Hydrogen
68
Pulmonary ventilation definition
describes how ambient atmospheric air move into and exchanges with air in the lungs
69
Met Def.
an adult's average seated resting oxygen consumption or energy exenditure
70
How do you express absolute vo2?
L of O2 per min.
71
Which energy system makes the most ATP?
Electron Transport Chain
72
Byproducts of TWO spins in Krebs Cycle
2 ATP 4 CO2 -6 H2O
73
What enzyme begins the krebs cycle?
Acetyl CoA
74
Average Vo2 Max for college-aged males and females
Males: 44mL of O2 of kg per min. Females: 38mL of O2 of kg per min.
75
Average Lactate Threshold for college-aged males and females
Males: 24.2 Females: 20.9
76
How do you find Lactate threshold?
VO2 max X .55
77
How do you find VO2 Max in athlete
You HAVE to test it!
78
What is the function of the Kreb's Cycle?
Water hammer | To make hydrogen so that taxi cabs can take it to the electron transport chain and make ATP
79
Steady State Exercise
Balance in oxygen and lactate and fuels etc Blood lactate doesn't accumulate Exercise can continue in this state forever
80
Oxygen Defecit between trained and untrained individuals
At light to moderate exercise- similar values Trained individual achieves steady-rate quicker, thus making them have a smaller oxygen deficit
81
How many ATP can free fatty acids make?
147
82
How many ATP can one glycerol make?
460 ATP??
83
Purpose of Free fatty acids
FFAs undergo beta oxidation so that two carbons can begin to spend Krebs cycle
84
How many carbons are in one FFA?
18- carbon chain
85
How is fat stored?
As a triglyceride
86
What are the four ways glucose is used in the body?
Directly by the cell for energy Stored as glycogen in the muscles and liver Converted to fats for energy storage Provide carbon skeletons to synthesize non essential amino acids
87
How does age affect VO2 Max?
after age 35, VO2 max declines at a nonlinear rate It accelerates after age 45 by age 60, it averages to be 11% below values for 35-year old males and 15% lower for women
88
How much energy does one FFA make?
441 ATP??
89
how many calories are used when you oxidize one liter of oxygen?
4.7 kcal??
90
What is the EPOC graph showing?
More fit- Less oxygen you have to pay back | Less fit- takes longer and you have more oxygen to pay back
91
What is Henry's law?
If temperature reamins constant, the quantity of a gas dissolved in a liquid varies in direct proportional to its partial pressure

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