Nutrition Test 1

Question 0

What is regular nutrition? Def.

Answer 0

Science of he ingestion, digestion, absorption, metabolism, and biochemical functions of nutrients

Question 1

Sports nutrition def.

Answer 1

Integration and application of scientifically based nutrition and exercise physiology principles that support and enhance training, performance, and recovery.

Question 2

Macronutrients definition

Answer 2

Nutrient needed in relatively large amounts.

Question 3

What does the term macronutrient include?

Answer 3

The term includes energy, carbohydrates, proteins, fats, cholesterol, and fiber

Question 4

What does macronutrients frequently refer to?

Answer 4

carbohydrates, proteins and fats

Question 5

Def. of DRI

Answer 5

Standard used to asses and plan diets

Question 6

What does DRI stand for,

Answer 6

Dietary reference Intakes

Question 7

Nutrition periodization definition

Answer 7

The creation of a nutrition plan to support training that has been divided into distinct periods of time

Question 8

What is the rule of thumb recommendation for how many calories an athlete should consume?

Answer 8

No less than 30kcal/kg daily.

Question 9

What is the difference between a nutritionist and a dietician?

Answer 9

A nutritionist is a title

A dietician has a certification

Question 10

What does CSSD stand for?

Answer 10

Certified specialist in sports dietetics

Question 11

Why do the dietary guidelines for Americans exist?

Answer 11

To provide dietary and exercise advice to Americans over the age of 2 that will promote health and reduce the risk for chronic diseases

Question 12

Who are the dietary guidelines for Americans intended for?

Answer 12

They are developed for he general population, but also apply to athletes.

Athletes do, however, have to be cautious when using the guidelines because some sports require more sodium intake if you sweat a lot

Question 13

Why are foods in “MyPyramid” grouped together?

Answer 13

Because the foods in each list have about the same amount of macronutrients as the other foods in that list. This allows people to “exchange” foods in the lists

Question 14

What is considered a dietary supplement?

Answer 14

A vitamin, mineral, herb, botanical, amino acid, metabolite, constituent, extract, or a combination of any of these ingredients

Question 15

Definition of exercise

Answer 15

activity requiring physical effort, carried out especially to sustain or improve health and fitness.

Question 16

Definition of energy

Answer 16

The capacity to do work

In the context of dietary intake: the caloric content of a food or beverage

Question 17

First law of thermodynamics

Answer 17

Within a closed system, energy is neither created nor destroyed.

Question 18

What is the definition of exercise physiology?

Answer 18

The scientific study of the acute and chronic metabolic responses of the human body to exercise, including biochemical and physiologic changes in the heart and skeletal muscles.

Question 19

Kinetic energy definition

Answer 19

Energy of motion

Question 20

What is ATP?

Answer 20

Adenosine triphosphate

It’s a high-energy phosphate compound, a chemical that can store energy in its phosphate bonds

Question 21

Endergonic reactions

Answer 21

Chemical Reactions that store energy

Question 22

Exergonic reactions

Answer 22

Chemical reactions that release energy

Question 23

How do you convert Calories to kilocalories?

Answer 23

They are the same thing, so no math is involved.

Question 24

How many kj are in one kilocalorie?

Answer 24

4.184 kilojoules

Question 25

What is the caloric content of fat?

Answer 25

9.4

Question 26

What is the caloric content of protein?

Answer 26

5. 7 in a bomb calorimeter | 4. 2 in a human calorimeter

Question 27

What is the caloric content of carbohydrates?

Answer 27

4.2

Question 28

What is indirect calorimetry?

Answer 28

A scientific method of determining energy expenditure by measuring changes in oxygen consumption and/or carbon dioxide production

Question 29

What is direct calorimetry?

Answer 29

A scientific method of determining energy content of food or energy expenditure by measuring changes in thermal or heat energy

Question 30

When is the only time you use direct calorimetry?

Answer 30

Only done on a cadaver

Question 31

What is BMR?

Answer 31

Basal metabolic rate A measure of the amount of energy per unit of time necessary to keep the body alive at complete rest

Question 32

Which is the greater amount: BMR or RMR?

Answer 32

Resting metabolism rate is about 10% greater than BMR

Question 33

What is RMR?

Answer 33

The measurement of BMR during a state of wakefulness

Question 34

Which nutrient has the greatest thermic effect on food?

Answer 34

Protein

Question 35

What is essential fat?

Answer 35

Minimum amount of body fat necessary for proper physiological functioning.

Question 36

What is the percentage of essential fat that males need?

Answer 36

3%

Question 37

What is the percentage of essential fat that females need?

Answer 37

12%

Question 38

What is visceral fat?

Answer 38

Fat that surrounds organs and is located well below the skin

Question 39

Is android fat distribution generally seen in males or females?

Answer 39

Males

Question 40

Is gynoid fat distribution generally seen in males or females?

Answer 40

Females

Question 41

Which fruit describes the shape of a gynoid body type?

Answer 41

A pear

Question 42

Which fruit describes the shape of an android body type?

Answer 42

Apple

Question 43

Muscle mass definition

Answer 43

Total amount of skeletal muscle in the body | Expressed in pounds or kilograms

Question 44

Lean body mass definition

Answer 44

Total amount of all physiologically necessary tissue in the body Fat free mass + essential fat Expressed in pounds or kilograms

Question 45

What are the characteristics of an Ectomorph body type?

Answer 45

They are slightly built with less-developed muscle mass and fat stores. They have difficulty gaining weight

Question 46

What are the characteristics of a mesomorph body type?

Answer 46

Can gain muscle mass relatively easily and typically do not have excessive amounts of body fat

Question 47

What are the characteristics of an Endomorph body type?

Answer 47

They are stocky with wide hips and a tendency to easily gain body fat, especially visceral fat

Question 48

How do you find BMI?

Answer 48

Weight (kilograms) ------------------------ Height^2 (meters)

Question 49

When should you not use BMI?

Answer 49

With Pregnant females People who have decreased in height due to osteoporosis Trained athletes

Question 50

What is BIA?

Answer 50

Bioelectrical impedance analysis Figures body composition by an electrical current

Question 51

BIA principles

Answer 51

Easy to use Practical and simple Moderately inexpensive

Question 52

Skinfold measurement principles

Answer 52

``` Practical and portable Subject must stay still Last less than 5 minutes Relatively inexpensive Subject may be uncomfortable Technician must be consistent ```

Question 53

What is anabolic steroid?

Answer 53

Scheduled drugs that are nearly identical to testosterone Known to increase muscle mass and sometimes muscle strength

Question 54

What is a prohormone?

Answer 54

A dietary supplement that provide similar benefits as steroids