Exercise Physiology Test 3 Part2 Flashcards
What is Residual Volume?
air that remains in the lungs that cannot be exhaled
What is the average of residual volume?
Women- 1.0-1.2L
Male- 1.2-1.6L
What is minute ventilation? Equation
Breathing rate X total volume
What is the average persons breath in one minute?
12 breaths
How many liters is minute ventilation?
6L
What increases minute ventilation?
depth or rate of breathing
What is max that minute ventilation can reach? Percentage wise
55-65%
What is ventilatory threshold?
the point at which pulmonary ventilation increases disproportionately with oxygen uptake during graded exercise
What does the excess ventialtion relate directly to?
carbon dioxide’s increases output from the bffering of lactate that begins to accumulate from anaerobic metabolism
What happens to partial pressure as you increase altitude?
Pressure isn’t pushing down on you as hard so it is harder to breath as you go higher
Muscles used durig inspiration and exhalation
Diaphragm, trachea, nose/mouth
Carbon dioxide in solution
7-10% of CO2
Carbon dioxide as carbamino compounds
20% of CO2 reacts with amino acid molecules of blood proteins
CO2 as bicarbonate
70% of CO2 in solution combines with water to form carbonic acid
What does the inset curve show? (Bohr effect)
Increases in acidity ad temperature cause the oxyhemoglobin dissocations curve to shift downward and to the right (enhanced unloading)
In Bohr effect, what happens to oxygen release during intense exercise?
increased metabolic heat and acidity in active tissues augments oxygen realease.
What is ejection fraction?
amount of blood pumped out of LV relative to the total amont of blood recieved.
What is hemoglobin?
a red protein responsible for transporting oxygen in the blood of vertebrates
In men, how many grams of hemoglobin do 100mL of their blood contain?
Relation to females?
15-16 grams
women average 5-10% less
What is the average AVO2 difference at rest?
5mL
What is AVO2 difference?
difference in oxygen content between arterial and venous blood
How is AVO2 difference expressed?
mL per 100mL of bood
What is Henry’s law?
if temperature remains constant, the quantity of a gas dissolved in a liquid varies in direct proportion to its partial pressure
Henry’s law:
Amount of gas dissolved in a fluid depends on which two factors?
Pressure differential between the gas above the fluid and the gas dissolved in it
Solubility of the gas in the fluid
What is the valsavla manuever?
forced exhalation agaisnt a closed epiglottis
It impedes blood flow return to the heart
When does the valsalva manuever commonly occur?
during weight lifting and other actitivies requiring max force for short time
What happens to BP during onset of valsalva manuever?
briefly increases abruptly
