Human Development Final Flashcards
Generativity
The desire to have more worthwhile things
Self definition
All of the characteristics of a person
Identity
Who a person is
Personality
Enduring personal characteristics
Stage crisis view
Tasks that are mastered at certain stages of life
Type A personality
Perfectionist
Competitive
Type B personality
Easy going
Laid back
Type C personality
Mixture between a and b
More depressed, lonely
Hardy personality
More flexible
Buffer stress
Can count on them
Perspective taking definition
Ability to assume another persons perspective and understand his or her thoughts and feelings
Can parents help develop empathy through discipline?
Yes!
What is Self esteem labeled as?
Self worth
Self image
Does Accuracy of self evaluations increase or decrease across the elementary school years?
Increases
Do a majority of adolescents have positive or negative self image?
Positive
What is the difference between boys and girls self esteem?
Girls is significantly lower than boys during middle school years
What are the four ways self esteem can be increased?
Identify what causes low self esteem
Emotional support and social approval
Achievement
Coping
What is high self esteem related to?
Initiative
Both pro social and antisocial
Happiness
Can too high of self esteem lead to problems?
Yes it can lead to an increase in risky behaviors
What causes low or dropping self esteem?
Life transitions (high school to college)
Depression
What does the media do to the topic of a midlife crisis?
Over popularized and over emphasizes it
What did the grant study find?
Harvard men in their midlife had no significant increase in emotional stability
Had a growing sense of power and control
Cultural generativity
Creating/rejuvenating a culture that survives
Values definition
Beliefs and attitudes about how you think things should be
Spirituality
Being connected with others
What is Self fulfillment sought by?
Paying attention to ones self and a strong commitment to others
Roy Baumeister believes a meaningful life may be found in:
A need for purpose
A need for values
A need for a sense of self efficacy
A need for self worth
Authoritative parenting
Encourage children to be independent, but places limits and controls on actions
Gives children guidance
Authoritarian
Children don’t initiate conversation with others
Indulgent parenting
Parents are highly involved with children, but allows child to do whatever they want
Neglectful parenting
Children develop A sense that other parts of the parents lives are more important.
Frequently have low self-esteem
Active euthanasia
action taken to deliberately shorten a life in order to end suffering, and to allow an individual to die with dignity.
Passive euthanasia
Deliberately withholding or discontinuing treatment that might extend life.
Assisted suicide
suicide in which a physician or someone else helps a person end their life.
The person who wants to die is the one who actually kills them self.
Advanced directive
mentally competent person giving their wishes in a document. DNR or resuscitate
Hospice care is centered around what?
Patient and family
Palliative care
Relief of pain and suffering control symptoms of patient. Allows piece and dignity for those dying and family members.
Kuber-Ross stages of death
Denial Anger Bargaining Depression Acceptance
Stages of grief
Shock and disbelief-
Preoccupation with a memory of a dead person-
Resolution-
Ages 3-5 attitudes about death
Do not understand that death is final
Ages 6-9 attitudes about death
Believe that death only happens to some people
Ages 9+ attitudes about death
Recognize death as final and universal
Adolescents attitudes about death
Avoid talking about it. Joke about it
Middle aged attitudes about death
Fear death
Older adults attitudes about death
Think about death more often
What is the pelvic field defect?
When men are missing a penis
When does the Cognitive development theory of gender occur?
After children identify themselves as male or female
When does the gender schema occur?
due to what is appropriate and inappropriate in culture.
Rapport talk: men vs. Women
Women- language of conversation
Men- give information
Social cognitive theory of gender
Happens through imitation and observation
4-12 years have an increase of play time among same sex
According to the social cognitive theory how do boys behave from ages 4-12, and what happens to their involvement in adulthood?
Rough and tumble play
Adult involvement decreases
According to the social cognitive theory how do girls behave during ages 4-12, and what happens to their involvement in adulthood?
Girls activity level declines
Adult involvement increases
What is a peer? And what do they provide?
someone around the same age or maturity level
Provide a source of information in comparison to the world outside the family.
Children receive both positive and negative feedback about their abilities from their peers.
Popular children
frequently nominated popular by their best friend. Typically liked by everyone.
have a number of social skills that allow them to be well liked.
Give out reinforcements to their friends, listen carefully, and maintain an open communication line.
They are happy and know how to regulate their emotions.
Average children
receive an average number of both positive and negative feedback from their peers.
Neglected children
infrequently nominated as a best friend, but they are not disliked by their peers
Engage in low activity rates with their peers, and are often described as shy.
Rejected children
infrequently nominated as someone’s best friend, and are actively disliked by their peers.
Have a hard time with adjustment because they feel neglected.
Are less likely to engage in classroom participation.
Not all rejected children are aggressive, but they do tend to show aggressive characteristics.
Controversial children
frequently nominated both as a best friend and disliked.
What is bullying?
verbal or physical behavior that is intended to disturb someone less powerful
When does conformity appear and peak?
8th and 9th grades
Who conforms to peer standards the most?
Young adolescents
