Normal Saline (0.9% Sodium Chloride)

Question 1

Classification

Answer 1

Isotonic crystalloid solution

Question 2

Mechanism of action

Answer 2

Volume replacement, water and electrolytes

Question 3

Pharmacokinetics

Answer 3

-Onset of action: immediately
-peak effects: immediate
-Duration of effect= varies by disease process or until renal clearance
Half life= n/a

Question 4

Indications/field use

Answer 4

• Dehydration secondary to heat related emergencies
• shock, hypotension, hypovolemia
• diabetic ketoacidoisis
• keep open vein

Question 5

Contraindications

Answer 5

Pulmonary edema, severe hypertension

Question 6

Side effects/ adverse reactions

Answer 6

May induce pulmonary edema if given To pt with a CHF history

Question 7

Dose

Answer 7

Adult-200-250cc IV, IO, repeat until b/p >90

Pedi- 20cc/kg, IV/IO for >1month; 10cc/kg for <1 mos
Pedi cardiogenic shock 5-10cc/kg IV, IO

Question 8

Precautions

Answer 8

May cause depletion of other electrolytes when administered in large volumes. May dilute oxygen carrying capacity in pt with severe bleeding.
If hypotension persists after 2000cc, consider a1 agonist infusion. Dopamine

Question 9

Drug-drug interactions

Answer 9

Few in EMS