Diazepam (Valium) Flashcards
Classification
Anticonvulsant/sedative/benzodiazepine/anxiolytic
Mechanism of Action
Positive allosteric modulator for GABAa receptors->Binds to benzo receptor site on chloride channels and potentials binding and effects of GABA(increases intracellular Cl- concentration leading to hyperpolarization of the cell
Pharmacokinetics
- onset of action
- peak effects
- duration of effects
- half life
- Onset of action-1-5 minutes IV, 15-30 minutes IM
- Peak Effects- 10 minutes IV, 30-45 minutes IM
- duration of effects- 15-60 minutes
- half life- 20-50 hours
Indications/field use
- Major motor seizures
- pre-medication for cardio version or TCP
- acute anxiety
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity
Side effects/adverse reactions
Hypotension, hallucinations, drowsiness, amnesia, respiratory depression, blurred vision, AMS, nausea and vomiting(N+V)
Dose
Anxiety- adult 2-5mg slow IV, IO
Seizure- adult 5-10mg slow IV, IO
Sedative- 5-15mg slow IV, IO
(PEDI): 0.2mg/kg IV/IO; max dose 5mg
Precautions
- May cause CNS and respiratory depression
- Caution with acute alcohol intoxication -Valium potentiates alcohol
Drug-drug interaction
Additive effects with CNS depressants and alcohol