Neurotransmitters Flashcards
Neurotransmitters List
- Dopamine
- GABA
- Serotonin
- Epinephrine
- Norepinephrine
GABA Mechanism of Action
Inhibitory
Serotonin Mechanism of Action
Inhibitory
Epinephrine Mechanism of Action
Excitatory
Norepinephrine Mechanism of Action
Excitatory
Dopamine Mechanism of Action
Excitatory
Serotonin can contribute to____?
delusions, hallucinations, and withdrawn behaviors seen in schizophrenia
Dopamine Physiologic Effects
- controls complex movements
- motivation
- cognition
- regulates emotional response
Serotonin Physiological Effects
- controls food intake
- sleep and wakefulness
- temperature regulation
- pain control
- sexual behaviors
- regulation of emotions
Norepinephrine Physiologic Effects
- causes changes in attention
- learning and memory
- sleep and wakefulness
- mood
Epinephrine Physiological Effects
controls fight or flight response
GABA Physiological Effects
modulates other neurotransmitters rather than provide a direct stimulus
Deficits in Norepinephrine can contribute to____?
- memory loss
- social withdrawal
- depression
Where is Serotonin derived from?
tryptophan, a dietary amino acid
Serotonin
Inhibitory
- controls food intake, sleep and wakefulness, temperature regulation, pain control, sexual behaviors, and regulation of emotions
- regulating mood, sleep, appetite, and aggression
- low levels associated with anxiety and depression
- high levels associated with better moods
- SSRI–> Prozac, Zoloft, and Paxil are antidepressants that act on serotonin
Norepinephrine
Excitatory
- most prevalent neurotransmitter in the nervous system
- plays a role in changes in attention, learning and memory, sleep and wakefulness, and mood regulation
- excess has been implicated in several anxiety disorders
- some ADHD meds use NE and dopamine
- noradrenaline
Epinephrine
Excitatory
- controls fight or flight response in the peripheral nervous system
- has limited distribution in the brain
- adrenaline
Dopamine
Excitatory
- controls complex movements, motivation, and cognition
- regulates emotional response
- plays a role in movement, attention, learning, and pleasure
- attention and alertness is increased when dopamine is released
- low levels associated with depression
- high levels associated with schizophrenia
- found in brain stem
GABA
Inhibitory
- an amino acid
- modulates other neurotransmitters
- blocks, or inhibits, certain brain signals and decreases activity in your nervous system
- benzodiazepines increase GABA function, which are used to treat anxiety and induce sleep
- when GABA attaches to a protein, it produces a calming effect
- yoga increases GABA
