MIOSHA: Key Information: Part 45 Fall Protection Flashcards
Note: As of January 1, 1998, the use of X for fall arrest is prohibited.
body belts
A. Duty to have fall protection
1. “General” This section sets forth requirements for employers to X. All fall protection required by this section shall conform to the criteria set forth in 1926.502 of this subpart.
provide fall protection systems
Each employee on a walking/working surface (horizontal and vertical surface) with an unprotected side or edge which is X feet or more above a lower level shall be protected from falling by the use of Y
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guardrail systems, safety net systems, or personal fall arrest systems.
“Leading Edges.” Each employee who is constructing a leading edge X feet or more above lower levels shall be protected from falling by guardrail systems, safety net systems, or personal fall arrest
systems.
6 feet
Each employee on a walking/working surface X feet or more above a lower level where Y are under construction, but who is not engaged in the leading edge work, shall be protected from falling
by a guardrail system, safety net system, or personal fall arrest system. If a guardrail system is chosen to provide the fall protection, and a controlled access zone has already been established for leading edge work, the control line may be used in lieu of a guardrail along the edge that parallels the leading edge.
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leading edges
Each employee in a hoist area shall be protected from falling X feet or more to lower levels by guardrail systems or personal fall arrest systems. If guardrail systems, [or chain, gate, or guardrail] or
portions thereof, are removed to facilitate the hoisting operation (e.g., during landing of materials), and an employee must Y (to receive or guide equipment and materials, for example), that employee shall be protected from fall hazards by a personal fall
arrest system.
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lean through the access opening or out over the edge of the access opening
“Hole” means a gap or void X inches or more in its least
dimension, in a floor, roof, or other walking/working surface.
2
Each employee on walking/working surfaces shall be protected from falling through holes (including skylights) more than X feet above lower levels, by personal fall arrest systems, covers, or guardrail
systems erected around such holes.
6
Each employee on a walking/working surface shall be protected from tripping in or stepping into or through holes (including skylights)
by X.
covers
Each employee at the edge of an excavation X feet or more in depth shall be protected from falling by guardrail systems, fences, or barricades when the excavations are not readily seen because of
Y
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plant growth or other visual barrier.
Each employee at the edge of a well, pit, shaft, and similar excavation X feet or more in depth shall be protected from falling by guardrail systems, fences, barricades, or covers.
6
Each employee engaged in roofing activities on low-slope roofs, with unprotected sides and edges X feet or more above lower levels shall be protected from falling by guardrail systems, safety net systems, personal fall arrest systems, or a combination of warning line system
and guardrail system, warning line system and safety net system, or warning line system and personal fall arrest system, or warning line system and safety monitoring system. Or, on roofs Y-feet or less in width. The use of a safety monitoring system alone [i.e. without the
warning line system] is permitted
6
50
Each employee on a steep roof with unprotected sides and edges X feet or more above lower levels shall be protected from falling by guardrail systems with toeboards, safety net systems, or personal fall arrest systems.
6
Employees engaged in residential construction activities X feet or more above lower levels shall be protected by guardrail systems, safety net systems, or personal fall arrest system unless another provision of this section provides for an alternative fall protection measure.
6
When an employee is exposed to falling objects, the employer shall have each employee wear a hard hat and shall implement one of the following
measures:
- Erect toeboards, screens, or guardrail systems to prevent objects from
falling from higher levels; or, - Erect a canopy structure and keep potential fall objects far enough
from the edge of the higher level so that those objects would not go
over the edge if they were accidentally displaced; or, - Barricade the area to which objects could fall, prohibit employees from entering the barricaded area and keep objects that may fall far enough away from the edge of a higher level so that those objects would not go over the edge if they were accidentally displaced.
Guardrail systems and their use shall comply with the following provisions: (1) Top edge height of top rails, or equivalent guardrail system members, shall
be X inches above the walking/working level. When conditions warrant, the height of the top edge may exceed the Y-inch height,
provided the guardrail system meets all other criteria of this paragraph.
42 inch plus or minus 3
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When employees are using stilts, the top edge height of the top rail, or equivalent member, shall be X. Caution: Any opening should be guarded in such a way as to prevent
anyone from falling through it.
increased an amount equal to the height of the stilts
Guardrail systems shall be capable of withstanding, without failure, a force of at least X pounds applied within Y inches of the top edge, in any outward or downward direction, at any point along the
top edge.
200
2
Safety nets shall be installed as close as practicable under the walking/working surface on which employees are working, but in no case more than X feet below such level. When nets are used on bridges, the potential fall area from the walking/working surface to
the net shall be unobstructed.
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Safety nets shall extend outward from the outermost projection of the work surface as follows:
Up to 5 feet - 8 feet
More than 5 feet up to 10 feet - 10 feet
More than 10 feet - 13 feet
Safety nets shall be installed with X to prevent contact with the surface or structures below when subjected to an impact force
sufficient clearance under them
- Personal fall arrest systems, when stopping a fall, shall:
limit maximum arresting force on an employee to X pounds (4kN) when used with a body belt;
900
- Personal fall arrest systems, when stopping a fall, shall:
limit maximum arresting force on an employee to X LBS
when used with a body harness;
1800
- Personal fall arrest systems, when stopping a fall, shall:
be rigged such that an employee can neither free fall more than X feet, nor contact any lower level;
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- Personal fall arrest systems, when stopping a fall, shall:
bring an employee to complete stop and limit maximum
deceleration distance an employee travels to X feet; and
3.5 feet
- Personal fall arrest systems, when stopping a fall, shall:
Have sufficient strength to withstand X the potential impact energy of an employee free falling a distance of Y feet, or the free fall distance permitted by the systems, whichever is less
twice
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The attachment point of the body belt shall be located in the X. The attachment point of the body harness shall be located in the center of the wearer’s back near shoulder level, or above the wearer’s head.
center of the wearer’s back
The anchorage point of the fall arrest equipment must be capable of supporting X pounds for each person attached.
5,000
The warning line shall be erected around X sides of the roof work area. When mechanical equipment is not being used, the warning line shall be erected not less than Y feet from the roof edge which is parallel.
all
6
When mechanical equipment is being used, the warning line shall erected not less than X feet from the roof edge which is parallel to the direction of mechanical equipment operation, and not less than Y feet from the roof edge which is perpendicular to the direction of mechanical equipment operation.
6
10
Points of access, materials handling areas, storage areas, and hoisting areas shall be connected to the work area by an X
access path formed by two warning lines.
When the path to a point of access is not in use, X shall be placed across the path at the point where the path shall be offset such that a person Y
a rope, wire, chain, or other barricade, equivalent in strength and height to the warning line,
cannot walk directly into the work area
Warning lines shall consist of ropes, wires, or chains, and supporting stanchions erected as follows:
The rope, wire, or chain shall be flagged at not more than X intervals with high-visibility material;
6-foot
Warning lines shall consist of ropes, wires, or chains, and supporting stanchions erected as follows:
The rope, wire, or chain shall be rigged and supported in such a way that its lowest point (including sag) is no less than X inches from the walking/working surface and its highest point is no more than Y inches from the walking/working surface;
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39
Warning lines shall consist of ropes, wires, or chains, and supporting stanchions erected as follows:
After being erected, with the rope, wire, or chain attached, stanchions shall be capable of resisting, without tipping over, a force of at least X pounds applied horizontally against the stanchion, Y inches above the walking/working surface, perpendicular to the warning line, and in the direction of the floor, roof, or platform edge;
16
30
Warning lines shall consist of ropes, wires, or chains, and supporting stanchions erected as follows:
The rope, wire, or chain shall have a minimum tensile strength of X pounds, and after being attached to the stanchions, shall be capable of supporting, without breaking, a load of Y pounds
500
16
Warning lines shall consist of ropes, wires, or chains, and supporting stanchions erected as follows:
The line shall be attached at each X in such a way that pulling on one section of the line between stanchions will not result in Y in adjacent sections before the stanchion tips over.
stanchion
slack being taken up
Warning lines shall consist of ropes, wires, or chains, and supporting stanchions erected as follows:
No employee shall be allowed in the area between a roof edge and a warning line unless X
the employee is performing roofing work in that area.
The employer shall designate a X to monitor the safety of other employees and the employer shall ensure that the safety monitor complies with the following requirements:
competent person
The safety monitor shall be X to recognize fall
hazards;
competent
The safety monitor shall warn the employee when it appears that the employee is X
unaware of a fall hazard or is acting in an unsafe manner;
The safety monitor shall be on the X walking/working
surface and within Y of the employee being monitored;
same
visual sighting distance
The safety monitor shall be close enough to X with the employee; and
communicate orally
The safety monitor shall not have X which could take the monitor’s attention from the monitoring function
other responsibilities
Mechanical equipment shall not be X in areas where safety monitoring systems are being used to monitor employees engaged in roof operations on low-slope roofs
used or stored
Covers for holes in floors, roofs, and other walking/working surfaces shall meet the following requirements:
Covers located in roadways and vehicular aisles shall be capable of supporting, without failure, at least X the maximum axle load of the largest vehicle expected to cross over the cover.
twice
Covers for holes in floors, roofs, and other walking/working surfaces shall meet the following requirements:
All other covers shall be capable of supporting, without failure, at least X the weight of employees, equipment, and materials that may be imposed on the cover at any one time.
twice
Covers for holes in floors, roofs, and other walking/working surfaces shall meet the following requirements:
All covers shall be secured when installed so as to prevent X
accidental displacement by the wind, equipment, or employees.
Covers for holes in floors, roofs, and other walking/working surfaces shall meet the following requirements:
All covers shall be X
color coded or they shall be marked with the word
“HOLE” or “COVER” to provide warning of the hazard.
Toeboards, when used as falling object protection, shall be erected along the X of the overhead walking/working surface for a distance sufficient to protect employees below.
edge
Toeboards shall be capable of withstanding, without failure, a force of at least X pounds applied in any downward or outward direction at any point along the toeboard.
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Toeboards shall be a minimum of X inches in vertical height from their top edge to the level of the walking/working surface. They shall have not more than Y inch clearance above the walking/working
surface. They shall be solid or have openings not over Z inch in greatest dimension.
3 ½
1/4
1
Where tools, equipment, or materials are piled higher than the X, paneling or screening shall be erected from the walking/working surface or toeboard to the top of a guardrail system’s top rail or midrail, for a distance sufficient to protect employees below.
top edge of a toeboard
Guardrail systems, when used as falling object protection, shall have
all openings X enough to prevent passage of potential falling
objects.
small
No materials or equipment except masonry and mortar shall be stored within X feet of the working edge.
4
Excess mortar, broken or scattered masonry units, and all other materials and debris shall be X by removal at regular intervals.
kept clear from the work area
Materials and equipment shall not be stored within X feet of a roof edge unless guardrails are erected at the edge.
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Materials which are piled, grouped, or stacked near a roof edge shall be X
stable and self-supporting.
The employer shall provide a X for each employee who might be exposed to fall hazards. The program shall enable each employee to Y and shall train each employee in the procedures to be followed in order to minimize
these hazards.
training program
recognize the hazards of falling
The employer shall assure that each employee has been trained, as necessary, by a competent person qualified in the following areas:
a. The nature of X hazards in the work area;
fall
The employer shall assure that each employee has been trained, as necessary, by a competent person qualified in the following areas:
The correct procedures for X the fall protection systems to be used;
erecting, maintaining,
disassembling, and inspecting
The employer shall assure that each employee has been trained, as necessary, by a competent person qualified in the following areas:
The use and operation of X other protection to be used;
guardrail systems, personal fall arrest systems, safety net systems, warning line systems, safety monitoring systems, controlled access zones, and
The employer shall assure that each employee has been trained, as necessary, by a competent person qualified in the following areas:
The X in the safety monitoring system when this system is used;
role of each employee
The employer shall assure that each employee has been trained, as necessary, by a competent person qualified in the following areas:
The limitations on the use of X during the performance of roofing work on low-sloped roofs;
mechanical equipment
The employer shall assure that each employee has been trained, as necessary, by a competent person qualified in the following areas:
The correct procedures for the X of
equipment and materials and the erection of overhead
protection; and
handling and storage
The employer shall assure that each employee has been trained, as necessary, by a competent person qualified in the following areas:
The role of X in fall protection plans;
employees
The employer shall verify compliance with paragraph (a) of this section by preparing a X
written certification record “Certification of training.”
