Glencoe: 19

Question 1

footings shapes are made by

Answer 1

pouring concrete into a form

Question 2

Form:

Answer 2

any framework containing wet concrete.

Question 3

Forms can be made from:

Answer 3

any combination of steel, lumber, plywood.

Question 4

Common footing forms are made with

Answer 4

2 x 4 lumber and braced to prevent them from being spread apart by the wet concrete. These boards are called haunch boards.

Question 5

Spreaders, or form brackets:

Answer 5

The boards that hold apart the sides of the forms.

Question 6

What nails are lumber formwork often assembled with?

Answer 6

Duplex nails because they make disassembly easier later on

Question 7

A X should be formed in the top of the footing

Answer 7

Keyway

Question 8

What does a keyway do?

Answer 8

Lock the foundation walls to the footing. It prevents moisture from seeping between wall and the footing.

Question 9

Keyway is usually X” wide and Y” deep because Z

Answer 9

3 1/2” wide and 1 1/2” deep because a 2x4 is used to form it.

Question 10

After the rebar has been positioned and the footings have been poured:

Answer 10

the tops of the footings should be troweled smooth.

Question 11

Other load bearing structures such as columns and chimneys must

Answer 11

also be supported by footings.

Question 12

Pier are X from foundation

Pilaster are Y from foundation

Answer 12

Pier are separate from foundation

Pilaster is part of it

Question 13

A footing for a pier can be

Answer 13

round or sqaure

Question 14

A pier is:

Answer 14

A block of column of concrete separate from the main foundation.

Question 15

What is a pier used for:

Answer 15

often used to support girder floor systems or exterior decks.

Question 16

What is sometimes anchored in a pier:

Answer 16

A steel pin or metal bracket is anchored in a pier to secure a wood post.

Question 17

A pedestal on the pier should be X” above the finished basement floor and at least Y” above the finished grade in crawl-space foundations

Answer 17

3”

12”

Question 18

When steel posts are used they are sometimes set X

If a concrete column is poured on top of a footing, Y

Answer 18

directly on the footing and concrete floor is then poured around them.

rebar placed vertically in the footing will keep the column in position.

Question 19

How do you estimate the total rebar needed for a footing?

Answer 19

1. Identify the combined length of all the footings. Suppose a foundation measures 42’ by 24’. The total length of footings is 132. ((42 + 24) * 2)
2. Determine the exact number of lineal feet of rebar. Multiply the number of bars by the length of the footings. If 132 L.F and two bars are required you will need 264 L.F of rebar (132 x 2bars)
3. Add an amount for overlaps. Each length of rebar must overlap the connecting length by an amount determined by local codes. In most residential projects it is enough to add 10% to the total lineal footage. Example:
   264 X 0.1 = 26.4;
   264 + 26.4 = 290.4
4. Rebar typically ocmes in lengths of 20ft. Divide the total lineal footage by 20. 290.4 / 20 = 14.52 rounded up to 15.
   15 lengths of 20’ rebar will be needed.

Question 20

Stepped footings:

Answer 20

Footings that step down the sloped site.

Question 21

When should the vertical step be poured in a stepped footing?

Answer 21

At the same time as the rest of the footing.

Question 22

If the foundation wall is built with a concrete block, the height of the step should:

Answer 22

be in multiples of 8” because this allows the height of a block with a standard 3/8” mortar joint.

Question 23

Step footings are set for sloping lot min X” below grade

Answer 23

min 42 in below grade.

Question 24

The bottom of a step footing is always placed on X

Answer 24

undisturbed soil below frost line.

Question 25

Horizontal lines of step footing should be calculated so that X

Answer 25

the horizontal spacing of the block can be maintained across the step

Question 26

The vertical step of a step footing should be at least X” thick and be the same width as the rest of the footing

Answer 26

6”

Question 27

Limit the vertical step of a step footing to X’ in height

Answer 27

2’ because this results in a stronger wall and makes the finish grading much easier.