Landing

Question 1

NORMAL LANDING

Question 2

Once established on final with the final checklist read and completed…

Answer 2

Trim aircraft to descend at the optimum rate of descent to touchdown at the required point on the runway

Question 3

How will the approach be always be made?

Answer 3

With power (especially with the use of full flap)
Until just before contact with the ground
Slowly begin to reduce power
Maintain slightly nose high attitude to touch down with the main gear

Question 4

After contact with the main gear

Answer 4

slowly lower the nose bit by bit to alleviate pressure on the nosewheel

Question 5

How do we control the aircraft on the ground?

Answer 5

Maintain rwy centerline
Allow aircraft to decelerate by itself
Avoiding excessive braking

Question 6

How will the braking be done?

Answer 6

Looking for a sufficient constant pressure and maintaining it to decelerate the acft

Question 7

What do we do on leaving the runway?

Answer 7

Stop aircraft
Perform WRY VACATED CHECKLIST
Once list is completed, taxi to the apron

Question 8

How do you do a Crosswind Landing?

Answer 8

• Max XWIND component of the Seneca is 17 Kt
• Flap selection between 0º and 25º of Flap
  Preferably 10º
• Speed on final will be same as normal
  If there is gust (increase speed in respect to the gusy (Vref + Gust)
• Final approach, maintain acft aligned with rwy in centerline and with a relevant correction for the wind
• Short final: around 100 AGL, gradually lower the wind which is into the wind and apply opposite rudder to maintain acft aligned with the centerline until the moment we are in contact with the ground
• Close throttles and maintain the controls slightly into the wind during the landing roll
• Lower nosewheel and retract the flaps carefully
• Maintain centerline with use of the rudder and if necessary, use differential use of the brakes

Question 9

What do you need to note when the acft makes contact with the ground?

Answer 9

Stress on the undercarriage is longitudinal, which is accounted for

If applying a skid for drift correction, the force is lateral and can exceed the design limits

Question 10

How do you avoid this lateral force?

Answer 10

Avoid prolonged sideslips with low fuel indications

Question 11

What are the objectives of a short field landing?

Answer 11

Two:

• Landing roll must be the least
• Acft must land at the beginning of the runwayH

Question 12

How’s the approach made in a short field landing?

Answer 12

40º of flap and partial power

When acft has cleared the obstacles on final:
- It can descend towards the ground
- At least 100 meters before the threshold of the runway
- Maintaining a speed of 83 Kts

-Around 10 feet before the threshold, slowly reduce throttles and allow acft to descend until it contacts the runway
- Retract flaps and be careful not to lock the wheels on landing

Question 13

What happens if the speed is much higher over threshold?

Answer 13

Acft begins to float
Immediately go around (remember that there is no rwy remaining)
After lanting
Retract the flaps so that the braking action is more efficient