Lab 8: Anterior Abdominal Wall and Foregut

Question 1

Name and describe muscles of ant abd wall

Answer 1

Ext oblique and aponeurosis
Int oblique and aponeurosis
Transversus abd and aponeurosis
Rectus abdominis

Question 2

Describe rectus abdominis

Answer 2

Vertcle
Abs = tendinous intersections

Question 3

Describe fascia to know for ant abd wall

Answer 3

Superficial fascia = campers fatty layer
Transversalis fascia

Question 4

What do tendons form

Answer 4

Rectus sheath - encompass rectus abdominis

Question 5

What is arcuate line

Answer 5

Between umbilicus (umbilical level t10) and pelvic inlet
Transition, everything on top and rectus abdominis below

Question 6

Describe above arcuate line

Answer 6

Makes rectus sheath
Ext oblique, 1/2 int
Rectus
1/2 int, transversus abdominus
Transversalis fascia

Question 7

Describe below arcuate line

Answer 7

Ext, int, transversus, rectus, transversalis fascia

Question 8

Name nv of ant abd wall

Answer 8

Thoracoabdominal nerves = t7-t12 - last = subcostal, Cont of intercostal nerves
Iliohypogastric nerves - l1
Epigastric (sup and inf) and musculophrenic arteries

Question 9

Where does superior and inferior epigastric arteries come from

Answer 9

Sup = int thoracic a, each side of sternum, terminal branch
Inf = from ext iliac
ANASTOMOSE with each other

Question 10

What is inguinal canal

Answer 10

Allows passage of structures

Question 11

Describe inguinal ligament

Answer 11

Inferior thickening of ext oblique

Question 12

What makes roof inguinal canal

Answer 12

Transversus abdominus and internal oblique

Question 13

What makes floor inguinal canal

Answer 13

Inguinal ligament

Question 14

What makes ant wall inguinal canal

Answer 14

Aponeurosis ext oblique

Question 15

What makes up posterior wall inguinal canal

Answer 15

Transversalis fascia

Question 16

What makes superior inguinal ring

Answer 16

Ant wall = Aponeurosis ext oblique

Question 17

What makes deep inguinal ring

Answer 17

Post wall = Transversalis fascia

Question 18

Describe peritoneum

Answer 18

Serous double membrane layer
Connects organs to each other/wall
Visceral = around organs
Parietal = outer wall, next to trasnversalis fascia

Question 19

Describe intra vs retro

Answer 19

Intra = suspended in visceral peritoneum
Retro = outside peritoneal cavity, stuck to parietal

Question 20

What is mesentery

Answer 20

A reflection, double fold, turns into visceral peritoneum
Has diff names depending on area

Question 21

Name mesenteries

Answer 21

Si = mesentery
Transverse colon = transverse mesocolon
Sigmoid colon = sigmoid mesocolon

Question 22

Describe lesser omentum

Answer 22

Lesser curvature stomach to liver
Hepatoduodenal lig (thicker) and hepatogastric lig

Question 23

Describe greater omentum

Answer 23

Like sac, greater curvature stomach
Wraps and insets on trasnverse colon

Question 24

Describe lesser and greater omental sacs

Answer 24

Omenta divide abdomen into 2 sacs =
Lesser - behind liver and stomach
Greater = everything else

Question 25

What supplies foregut

Answer 25

Celiac trunk

Question 26

Describe abd eso

Answer 26

Diaphragm to stomach = down through esophageal hiatus + 2 vagal trunks

Question 27

Describe stomach - all features

Answer 27

Opening = cardia
Fundus = top
Pyloric Antrum = bottom
Pyloric canal
Pyloric sphincter = pyloric orifice, open to duo
Greater and lesser curvature
Rugae

Question 28

Describe duo - Gen

Answer 28

Continuous with stomach
D1,d2 = foregut
D3,d4 =midgut

Question 29

Describe D1 duo

Answer 29

Most sup
Connected to pyloric region stomach and liver
Intraperitoneal

Question 30

Describe D2 duo

Answer 30

Descending part = 2 openings
Major (bile and main pancreatic duct) = minor (accessory pancreatic duct)

Question 31

Describe D4 duo

Answer 31

Ascending part

Question 32

Describe pancreas - Gen

Answer 32

Head, neck, uncinate, body, tail
Exocrine - secretions
Endocrine = insulin and glucagon

Question 33

Describe features of pancreas - specifics

Answer 33

Head in c shape of duo
Tail = intra, needs to move
Rest = retro
Main duct = drain into major papilla with bile duct
Accessory duct = minor duo papilla

Question 34

Describe spleen

Answer 34

Not gi,
Ant borders = notched
Hilum = on medial surface
Retro
Filters blood, lymphatic function
Splenorenal ligament

Question 35

Describe gallbladder

Answer 35

Fundus, body, neck (continuous with cystic duct)
Visceral, surface liver, stores bile and brings to bile duct

Question 36

Describe biliary tree

Answer 36

Right hepatic duct + left hepatic duct —> common hepatic duct
Gallbladder —> cystic duct
Cystic duct + common hepatic —> common bile duct
Empty into duodenal papilla - at hepatopancreatic ampulla

Question 37

Describe liver - Gen

Answer 37

Detox blood, produce bile, stores vit and minerals
Intraperitoneal
Sup = top, diaphragmatic surface
Bare area = no peritoneum covering (4 legged do not have)

Question 38

Describe suspensory system for liver

Answer 38

Sup = coronary ligament, ant and post - when meet= make triangular ligament
Ant = falciform ligament - becomes ligament teres
Hepatoduodenal ligament reinforces too

Question 39

Name the 4 lobes of liver and describe kinda

Answer 39

Right and left = divided by Sagittarius fissures and ligament teres
On visceral surface = caudate lobe (tail), quadrate lobe (square)

Question 40

Describe impressions of liver

Answer 40

Gallbladder, eso, gastric, ivc
Hepatic veins

Question 41

Describe portal vein liver

Answer 41

Blood into portal vein then send to ivc then back to heart

Question 42

Describe portal triad

Answer 42

Hepatic duct
Portal vein
Hepatic artery proper

Question 43

Do lobes of liver move

Answer 43

Liver moves and accommodates for diaphragm when breathe
Porta hepatis does not move - central part